粮食市场的结构设计研究1.docVIP

粮食市场的结构设计研究 摘要：粮食流通体制改革的核心，是废除“双轨制”，提高企业的经营效益，用市场化的手段实现对粮食生产的支持和对粮食消费的保障。在市场主体、市场体系、市场结构、市场规则、企业战略、政府职能等方面进行体制性和机制性的改革，建立企业完全市场经营，政府适当调控的运行体制；建立自主经营，自我约束的国有粮食企业经营机制；并配套建立市场化的农民利益保护机制，粮食安全保障机制；粮食产业化引导机制和粮食企业国有资产保值增值机制。我国粮食市场选择完全竞争的市场结构是不可取的，也是不现实的，粮食市场结构的现实选择应该是垄断竞争市场，垄断竞争市场从效率上讲，介于完全竞争与纯粹垄断之间，可以发挥竞争和垄断两个方面的优势。 关键词：粮食经济市场结构粮食流通体制 Abstract：The reform of the grain circulation systems core,is abolishes “the twotrack system”,raises enterprises effectiveness of operation,realizes with the marketability method to the food production support and the safeguard which expends to the grain.In aspects and so on market main body,market system,market mechanism,market rule,enterprise strategy,government function carry on institutional and the machinability reform,establishes the enterprise complete market management,the government suitable regulation movement system;The establishment operates independently,selfrestraint stateowned grain enterprise operating mechanism;And necessary establishment marketability farmer benefit protection mechanism,food security safeguard mechanism;Grain industrial production guidance mechanism and grain enterprise state asset inflationproofing and appreciation mechanism.Our country grain market choice competes completely the market mechanism may not take,is also not realistic,the grain market mechanisms reality choice should be monopolizes the competitive market,the monopoly competitive market by efficiency,between is situated between competes completely with monopolizes purely,may display competes and monopolizes two aspects the superiority. Keywords：Grain economy Market mechanism Grain circulation system 粮食走向市场化，用市场解决市场中的问题，实质就是要提高粮食经济发展的效率。粮食经济的市场化首先应实现粮食经济制度的市场化。 粮食流通问题的核心，是提高企业的经营效益，用市场化的手段实现对粮食生产的支持和对粮食消费的保障。在市场主体、市场体系、市场结构、市场规则、企业战略、政府职能等方面进行体制性和机制性的改革，建立企业完全市场经营，政府适当调控的运行体制；建立自主经营，自我约束的国有粮食企业经营机制；建立市场化的农民利益保护机制，粮食安全保障机制；粮食产业化引导机制和粮食企业国有资产保值增值机制，是粮食市场的结构设计的重点。 1.粮食是生活的必需品，价格弹性小 εP = 需求变动%/价格变动% = ΔQ/ΔP·