Unit 2《Fit for life 》-grammar and usage学案1（牛津译林版选修7）.docVIP

M7U2 Fit for life Grammar and usage学案 第一部分：重点讲解 短语动词通常以动词为中心，通常由动词加副词或介词构成。英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来判定其释义，很多时候应根据具体语境判断它们的意义。有的短语动词相当于及物动词，有的则相当于不及物动词。 1 短语动词的构成 （1）动词+副词 clear away清除掉 put away收起 die away消失 call back回电话 look back回顾 walk back走回 break down坏了 calm down平静下来 get down咽下 come up上来 blow up爆炸 turn up出现 show off炫耀 give off散发 take off脱下 break out发生 blow out吹灭 run out 用完 （2）动词+介词 bring about引起 look about 环顾四周 seek for寻找 burst into 闯入 turn into使变成 look into调查 see to 处理 devote to贡献给 deal with处理 glance at匆匆一瞥 work at干…… aim at向…瞄准 differ from与…不同 result from由于 insist on坚持 rely on依靠 bring in引进 hope for希望得到 combine with联合 lead to导致，通向 set about着手 (3) 动词+副词+介词 add up to总计 keep away from不靠近look down on轻视 keep up with赶上 make up for弥补 get on with相处 get close to接近 get out of逃避,避免 do away with废除 do well in在…干得好 put up with忍受 catch up with赶上 look up with仰望,尊敬 run out of用完 look forward to go on with继续 get down to认真开始 break away from 2 短语动词使用时须注意的几点 (1) 在短语动词中,副词可以放在动词宾语前或后。但是如果宾语是代词，则应放在动词和副词之间。如： The young lovers have been trying to put some money aside for their marriage ceremony. 年轻的恋人一直努力存钱以备举行婚礼时用。 He has put aside a little money for a rainy day. 他积蓄了一点钱以备不时之需。 When you do not understand a new word,you can look it up in this dictionary. 当你不理解新单词的时候，你可以查字典。 This method is very new and you can try it out to solve the hard problem. 这种方法相当新，你可以试着用它去解决那个难题。 （2）在带有介词的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。 We have brought in a good harvest for three years . 我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。 We’ve just come across an old friend we haven’t seen for ages. 我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。 Please keep away from the scene of the accident before the police come. 在警察来之前，请勿靠近事故现场。 The manager expects everyone to get down to his work after the national holidays. 经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作。 （3）有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语，这时他们相当于不及物动词。如： Mr Wang’s new car brok