论郭嵩焘经济近代化思想.doc

湘潭大学 硕士学位论文 论郭嵩焘的经济近代化思想 姓名：胡继嵘 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：专门史 指导教师：刘云波 　 摘　　要　 　 作为中国晚清时期著名的思想家，郭嵩焘的经济思想与中国经济近代化发展 历程是紧密相联。郭嵩焘的经济近代化思想在出使英法时期后达到巅峰状态。在 这期间，通过对西方经济社会进行深入思考与研究后，郭嵩焘形成了一套较为系 统的经济思想，并有着鲜明的资本主义经济思想特征。郭嵩焘的经济思想有着独 到的见解，不仅超越前人，与当代人的思想水平相比也是高出一筹，因此他被称 为引领中国经济近代化思想的先导。他的经济思想在一定程度上反映了整个洋务 运动践行者的较高智慧，也反映了当时国际国内的经济局势。他主张发展资本主 义经济，通过封建农业经济向资本主义经济转变，达到富国强兵的目的，具有很 强的时代特色。　 笔者试图在近代国际政治变动以及国际关系发展的大环境下，在政治民主化 和经济工业化的社会大趋势下，对晚清时期郭嵩焘的经济近代化思想做一个较为 全面的研究。本文分为三个部分。第一部分具体论述郭嵩焘经济近代化思想产生 的背景及渊源。主要介绍了当时中国社会背景及郭嵩焘个人生平。从爱国忧患意 识、洋务运动思想、湖湘文化变革思想和对西方的耳濡目染四个方面阐述其经济 近代化思想产生的渊源。第二部分主要论述了郭嵩焘的经济近代化思想的具体内 容。介绍了郭嵩焘的经济思 想的四个发展历程，包括经济近代化思想的萌芽、逐 步形成、日趋成熟和巩固四个阶段。第三个部分论述了郭嵩焘经济近代化思想的 特点、失败原因以及影响。　 　 　 关键词：郭嵩焘　　经济近代化思想　　资本主义经济　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 I Abstract As a famous ideologist in late Qing dynasty, Guo Songtao’s thought of economic modernization is closely connected with the developmental procedure of Chinese economic modernization. After he reached Britain and France, his thought reached to the highest point. During this period, through his deep research and consideration on western economic thought, Guo Songtao developed his own systematical economic thought which characterized as vivid capitalist economic thought. It is original opinion which not only surpassed the former people’s level, but also reached higher level than those of temporal people. So he is named as the forerunner of leading the thought of economic modernization of china. In a certain degree his thought reflects not only the highest wisdom of “Yangwu” people at that time, but also the contemporary economic situation both in domestic and overseas country. He proposes to develop capitalist economy, changing feudal agricultural economy into capitalist economy, which would reach the aim of building a strong and rich nation. My paper is divided into three parts. Under the modern surrounding of international political change and international relational development, under the social tendency of political democratization and econ