The effect of interfacial mass transport on flow in thin liquid films教程.pdfVIP

Colloids and Surfaces, 52 The effect of interfacial mass transport on flow in thin liquid films Peter C. Wayner Jr Department of Chemical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590 (U.S.A.) (Received 28 November 1989; accepted 20 February 1990) Abstract The equilibrium thermodynamics and the dynamics of flow in an extended meniscus that in- cludes both the relatively thick film region controlled by capillarity and the ultra-thin film region controlled by the liquid-solid-vapor interfacial force field are analyzed. The effects of capillarity, disjoining pressure, gravity and temperature on equilibrium, fluid flow and mass transfer associ- ated with the liquid film are discussed. The non-equilibrium processes of change-of-phase heat transfer and fluid flow in stationary and in spreading thin films are intrinsically connected because of their common dependence on the intermolecular force field and gravity. Criteria to determine the relative importance of fluid flow and interfacial mass transfer based on the film profile and the thermophysical properties of the system are developed. An evaporation/condensation mech- anism is found to be important in contact line motion. INTRODUCTION Fluid flow in an extended meniscus that includes both a relatively thick region controlled by capillary and an ultra-thin region controlled by the liquid- solid-vapor interfacial force field is of importance in many diverse technolo- gies. The related concepts of capillary, surface tension, and cohesion were ad- dressed by Young and Laplace early in the 19th century. These developments wer