研究生英语听说教程练习答案93443.ppt

Section A Exercise 2 1. Reporting language consists of statements based on observation. 2. The words of reporting language are concrete and specific. 3. Information conveyed by reporting language can be confirmed by the listener as well as the speaker. 4. People usually accept reporting language because they can check it for accuracy. 5. In conversation, you can often avoid friction by using reporting language. B. Inferential Language 1. Inferential language uses statements that draw conclusions by a reasoning process that may or may not be faulty. 2. Inferences blend assumptions, knowledge, experiences, and attitudes into statements that infer or set up opinions about a subject. 3. Inferential statements reflect the mindset of the speaker. 4. If you monitor your own speech, you’ll find inferences to be common and convenient. 5. To improve, you might adjust your comments to be closer to reporting language. C. Judgmental Language 1. Judgmental language contains statements that evaluate good/bad, right/wrong, ugly/pretty, and so forth. 2 Judgments about what we like or dislike are so frequent that we don’t always recognize them when we speak. 3. Judgmental statements can easily slip off our tongues. 4. To avoid sounding too critical, you should add the phrase “to me” or “I believe” or “as I see it” when you state your outlook. 5. If you qualify the statement as your viewpoint, you will not offend or provoke an argument. Section B Exercise 1 1. √ 2. √ 3. × 4. × 5. √ 6. × 7. × 8. √ Section B Exercise 2 _g_ couch potato _e_ to chill out _b_ cheapskate _a_ dimwit _d_ flake _h_ space cadet _f_ worrywart _c_ mind-blowing _c_ phenomenal Section C Exercise 1 1. You learn practical things like vocabulary. 2. You learn someone else’s point of view. 3. You can see what it would be like to be a different person. 4. You can lean about different cultures. 5. You learn different styles of writing.