阴离子型聚氨酯制备石蜡乳液的研究.docVIP

文章编号：0000-0000（2013）00-0000-00- (阴离子型聚氨酯制备石蜡乳液的研究 刘尧，魏燕彦，孔维良，宗成中 (橡塑材料教育部重点实验室（青岛科技大学），山东 青岛 266042) 摘 要：为了获得不含小分子乳化剂的石蜡乳液，合成了一组不同结构的阴离子型聚氨酯正十八烷。）乳化离子型聚氨酯; 石蜡; 正十八烷 Study on preparation of paraffin emulsions by anionic polyurethanes LIU Yao，WEI Yanyan，ZONG Chengzhong (Key Laboratory of Rubber Plastics (Ministry of Education)，Qingdao University of Science Technology，Qingdao 266042，Shandong，China) Abstract: In order to obtain paraffin emulsions without small molecular emulsifier, a series of anionic polyurethanes with different molecular structures were synthesized and their emulsifying abilities were investigated. Stable paraffin emulsions prepared by the anionic polyurethanes were prepared in our experiments. Fourier transform infrared spectra(FT-IR) and Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) were used to characterize the molecular structure of polyurethane. The conductivities during emulsification of paraffin were detected. Effects of molecular structure and dosage on particle sizes and emulsion stability were studied. It was found that sodium bisulfite terminated polyurethane had a higher conductivity and a worse emulsion stabilities than methyl ethyl ketoxime(MEKO) and methanol terminated polyurethane. When the dosage of polyurethane was less than 30 wt%, stable paraffin emulsions were not able to be obtained only by our synthesized polyurethanes. The paraffin emulsions with the optimum stability were those prepared by MEKO terminated polyurethane. Their mean particle sizes were 300~500 nm. The coalescence ratios of storage stability, freeze thaw stability and shearing stability were less than 7.2wt%. Key words: paraffin emulsion; anionic polyurethane; paraffin; n-octadecane 1 前 言 乳化蜡是将固体石蜡等烷烃材料均匀分散在水中的乳液，可以用做医药和橡胶加工助剂，钻井液添加剂，混凝土固化剂，纺织品柔软剂和上浆剂等。此之外，石蜡等烷烃材料也是优良的相变材料，将其乳化在水中然后包覆可以得到相变纳/微米胶囊，研究石蜡的乳化对制备相变纳/微米胶囊悬浮液具有重要的意义。蜡乳液是一种热力学不稳定体系，放置时蜡和水易两相分离，要均匀稳定的乳液必须选择合适的乳化剂。近年来，常用的乳化石蜡的乳化剂包括Span-Tween类、AEO类、TX类、EL类等但是这些乳化剂必须有大量的助乳化剂的协同才能有良好的乳化效果。 小分子的乳化剂在乳化蜡的后继