地方国家统合主义 中国经济奇迹与制度经济学分析.docVIP

地方国家统合主义：中国经济奇迹的制度经济学分析 金标 清华大学公共管理学院国际战略与发展研究所 北京清华大学公共管理学院210，100084 Jinbiao99@ 010地方国家统合主义：中国经济奇迹的制度经济学分析 摘要：本文回顾了地方国家统合主义（Local State Corporatism）理论，分析了其解释中国地方政府在农村工业化中的作用方面的解释力和局限性，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。 关键词：地方国家统合主义、地方政府、农村工业化、财政分权 Local State Corporatism: an Institutional Economy Analysis on China’s Economic Miracle Abstract: China’s economic miracle is mostly contributed to its low-cost labor, good infrastructure, huge foreign investment and better access to the international market, however little attention has been paid to governments, especially local governments’ contribution on economic development. This paper gives a political economy analysis on this issue, based on Local State Corporatism (LSC) which stems back to Corporatism, advocating that governments and civil society bind together and work cooperatively on certain issue to achieve higher efficiency. Firstly, the author explains how China’s local governments facilitate rural industrialization from two LSC perspectives: Institutional incentives under the fiscal contracting system and three-level rural governments serving as a corporation hierarchy. Secondly the paper provides other possible causes besides LSC: fiscal competitions among local governments improve local governments economic performance by hardening their soft budget constrains. Thirdly, the author finds out that compared to other East Asian countries, China adopted LSC while its governments gradually loosen its control over the civil society, which indicates a different routine. Fourthly, some critics on LSC are discussed. Finally, some future research trends are proposed, mainly on how LSC structure will change after China’s economic take-off. 中国农村地区在改革开放以后十几年左右的时间内，经历了一个农村工业快速发展的过程。在这段时间内，出现了两种不同的农村工业发展模式：苏南模式和温州模式。在上世纪90年代中期以后，苏南模式下政府主导的集体所有乡镇企业风光不再，走上了股份制私有化的道路，苏南模式的发源地苏州开始了吸引外资的道路；而温州模式下的企业家主导的民营经济发展长盛不衰，形成了非常有竞争力的产业集群。 地方国家统合主义（Local State Corporatism）为中国农村地区工业化道路，尤其是苏南模式的成功提供了一种理论视角。地方国家统合主义理论的创始人戴慕珍（Jean Qi）在她的代表作《中国农村经济