美洲黑杨次生维管组织发育内在节律性与细胞内含物动态变化.pdfVIP

植物学通报 2006, 23 (3): 262~268 Chinese Bulletin of Botany . . 实验简报 美洲黑杨次生维管组织发育的内在节律性 与细胞内含物的动态变化 * 尹增芳 樊汝汶 (南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院 南京 210037) 摘要 美洲黑杨(Populus deltoids)是一种重要的商业用材树种, 在我国多用作胶合板和纸浆原料, 其速 生性的特点也很早为人们所认识。众所周知, 树木次生维管组织的发育具有内在的节律性, 与此同时维 管组织的细胞内含物也会发生动态变化。利用电镜技术及细胞化学方法, 研究了美洲黑杨次生维管组织 的发育以及细胞内含物分布的变化, 发现次生维管组织的发育具有内在节律性, 在年周期中表现为分化 期和休眠期交替出现; 次生韧皮部与次生木质部交替分化形成。在维管组织发育过程中, 早期蛋白质和 脂类物质首先减少, 然后淀粉粒解体消失, 发育期内维管组织的蛋白质、脂类和淀粉的积累最少, 休眠 期内维管组织细胞内最早出现淀粉的积累, 然后蛋白质和脂类物质积累大大增加。杨树维管组织发育过 程的内在节律性与细胞内含物的动态变化密切相关。 关键词 美洲黑杨, 维管组织, 内在节律性, 细胞内含物 Developmental Inherent Rhythm and Dynamic Changes in Cell Ergastic Substances of Secondary Vascular Tissues in Populus deltoids * Zengfang Yin Ruwen Fan (College of Forest Resources and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037) Abstract The eastern cottonwood Populus deltoids is an important commercial timber species used for saw-timber, veneer and pulpwood in China. The fast-growing character of P. deltoids has been remarkable for a long time. It is well known that the developmental inherent rhythm occurs during the development of secondary vascular tissue. Synchronously, the cell ergastic substance shows dy- namic changes. Using electronic microscopy and cytochemical methods, we studied the distribution changes of the cell ergastic substance and development of secondary vascular tissues. Development of secondary vascular tissue took on an inherent rhythm, showing alternation of dormant and differ- entiated stages in periodicity of one year, and the formation of secondary phloem and xylem was alternate. In earlier stages, the protein and lipid decreased first. Then the starch grain disaggregated. The accumulation of st