冰期输水研究进展.pdfVIP

4 6 V ol .4 N o.6 2006 12 Sout h-t o- N ort h Wat er T rans fers an d W at er S cien ce T echnology Dec 2006 张 成, 王 开 , , 100084) : , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , : ; ; ; ; ; : T V875 : A : 1672- 16 83 2006) 06- 0059- 05 The Relational Research and Experience of Water Transfer during Freezing Period ZH A N G Chen g , W A N G K ai ( S ta te K ey L aborat ory of H y d r osci ence and E ngi neer ing , T s in ghua Univ ers i ty , B eij ing 100084, Ch ina) Abstract: T h e phen om enon t hat rivers freez e in high lat it ude and cold region s i s u niversal. Ice dam, ice cover and ice jam, w hich are form ed by st ack, jamm ed and coll ect ive ice, can increase river resist an ce an d w at er st age, resu lt ing in fl ood, const ructi on dam age and navigat ion problem s. In order t o fin d out s af e met h ods f or w at er t ransf er during f reezin g peri od, st udy ing t h e f ormat ion and development regularit y of t he river ice has b een concerned on by man y count ries. S om e researchers have mad e st udy on t his subject , su ch as th e generat ion and evolut ion of f razil ice , sh or e i ce, bot t om ice, ice cover and ice jam, t he resist ance of f reeze-u p river, f low capaci ty and variat ion of w at er st age . On t he bas e of t he river ice st udy , t he former U SSR , Canada , nort h Europe t ak e some ef f ect ive measu res t o t ran sfer w at er saf el y on t h eir w at er t rans fer project s, and t hes e count ries h ave accu mulat ed a f ew valuable exp erience . Because of t he compl icat ion in river ice st udy , t he t heory and project ex perience of th