英语专业四级考试(语法与词汇).docVIP

PAGE 1 词汇与语法（TEM4) 语法核心考点一：从属分句 要点1. 概念：从属分句和复合句息息相关，密不可分。复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从属分句构成。 要点2.分类：以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可分为状语分句、关系分句（定语从句）和名词性分句。其中状语分句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式状语从句；名词性分句又可分为宾语从句、同位语从句等。 要点3.考点：状语分句的考点集中在条件\让步\方式和时间状语从句上;关系分句的考点集中在关系代词的选择,限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别;名词性分句的考点集中在宾语从句及同位语从句。 从属分句考点一：状语分句 状语分句重点小结： 条件状语从句：表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词及分词引导： if... as long as/ so long as... on condition that... 如果：在。。的条件下；只要..就 provided/providing that... 假如 suppose/supposing that... 假如 say... unless... in the event that... 如果，万一 given that... assuming (that)... e.g In the event that she cannot arrive on time, we will go first. Suppose it snowed, we would still go. Say what he said were true, what would you do about it? 让步状语从句：含有“虽然、尽管、即使”之意，其主要引导词有： though/although even if/even though no matter +疑问词 疑问词+ever in spite of the fact that... while much as for all that as/though granted/granting（that) e.g. In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music. While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse. For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won the first prize. Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited. Young as/though he was/Child as he was, he could do some housework for his mother. Though he was young, he … e.g. No matter what he says has nothing to do with me. (wrong) Whatever he says has … The old man believes no matter what his son tells him. (wrong) The old man believes whatever his son tells him. e.g. For all the fine words he may say to your face, he doesn’t like you at heart. 时间状语从句：表示时间关系，通常有以下主要引导词： 表示“当的时候” when, while, as, just as, next time, the last time, each time, every time, whenever 表示时间