高层建筑火灾烟气控制模式数值分析.pdfVIP

第 25 卷第 7 期 建 　筑 　科 　学 Vol25 ,No7 2009 年 7 月 BUILDIN G SCIENCE Jul . 2009 ( ) [文章编号] 2009 高层建筑火灾烟气控制模式的数值分析 靖成银 ,何嘉鹏 ,周 　汝 ,许小磊(南京工业大学城市建设与安全环境学院 ,南京 210009) [摘 　要] 根据我国现有高层建筑所采用的主要防排烟方式 ,采用 CFD 的方法完成了火灾时烟气的不同控制模式的模 拟 ,并对不同的防排烟模式的模拟结果进行比较 。结果表明当采用走道排烟加前室门设置空气幕或前室和楼梯间的加压防 烟时 ,其烟气空气效果基本一致 ,均不能满足整个建筑的安全疏散时间的要求 ,但空气幕防烟较加压防烟所需新鲜空气量更 少 ,能有效防止火灾的进一步扩大和控制烟气扩散 。当采用空气幕加前室或楼梯间加压的组合防烟时 ,能较好的控制烟气的 扩散 ,满足安全疏散时间的要求 ,即可以用空气幕和加压的组合来代替传统的前室和楼梯间加压的防烟方式 。本文的研究成 果可以为合理的设计高层建筑火灾时烟气的控制方式提供了一定的理论依据 。 [ 关键词] 高层建筑 ;火灾 ;烟气控制 ;空气幕 ;数值模拟 [ 中图分类号] T972 + . 4 ;TU892 　　　[文献标识码] A Numerical Simulation of Fire Smoke Control Models in HighRise Buildings J IN G Chengy in , HE J iapeng , ZHOU Ru , X U X iaolei ( College of Urban Construction and S af ety Environmental Engineering , N anj ing University of Technology , N anj ing 210009 , China) [Abstract ] According to the main methods used for smoke controlling in our country now , the CFD was used to simulate the different smoke control models when firing. It can be concluded that the smoke control effect is similar but both cant meet the safety evacuation time when using the air curtain or atria and stair well adding pressure besides aisle smoke exhausting. Nevertheless , the fresh air needed by air curtain is less than adding pressure in the atria , this can prevent the fire from expanding and control smoke diffusion . It can meet the safety evacuation time and control the smoke diffusion better when using the combination of air curtain and adding pressure in atria or stair well . Namely , the traditional adding pressure in atria and stair well can be replaced by the abovementioned combination . This research may provide a certain theory for smoke control in t