环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷开环聚合25290.pdfVIP

第 19 卷 第 1 期 化　学　进　展 Vol. 19 No. 1 2007 年 1 月 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY 　Jan. , 2007 环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷开环聚合 张治国 　尹　红 (浙江大学 联合化学反应工程研究所 　杭州 310027) 摘 　要 　环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的开环聚合产物在表面活性剂工业和聚氨酯工业得到了极为广泛的应 用。本文综述了近几年来发展的用于环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷开环聚合的各类催化剂体系 ,分别讨论了各类催 化剂体系对环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的不同作用机制 ,考察了反应物结构对反应活性和选择性的影响 ,重点介绍 了配位络合催化剂体系在环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷开环聚合反应中的应用 ,并指出了今后研究的方向。 关键词 　环氧乙烷 　环氧丙烷 　开环聚合 　反应机理 　配位催化剂 ( ) 中图分类号: O6315 　文献标识码 : A 　文章编号 : 1005281X 2007 RingOpening Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide Zhang Zhiguo 　Yin Hong (UNILAB Research Center of Chemical Reaction Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China) Abstract 　Polyether (primarily homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide) which has the properties of excellent surface activity , flexibility of hydrophile-lipophile balance ( HLB) and low toxicity has been widely used in surfactant and polyurethane industries. The progress in the catalytic ringopening polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide is reviewed in this paper. The different catalytic mechanisms of cationic catalysts , anionic catalysts and coordination catalysts are discussed respectively. The application of coordination catalysts in the catalytic ring opening polymerization is intensively introduced and the further research trends are pointed out. Key words 　ethylene oxide ; propylene oxide ; ringopening polymerization ; reaction mechanism ; coordination catalysts 速 , 目前全球已达数百万吨的年生产能力,在表面活 1 　引言