1850s to the 1940s.pdfVIP

Available online at ScienceDirect Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 77 (2014) 277e282 Review Article Chinese translation of English textbooks on internal medicine from the 1850s to the 1940s Chuang-Ye Hong a,*, Fu-Mei Wang b a Department of Medicine, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC b Pharmacy Foundation for Culture and Education, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Received September 4, 2013; accepted December 6, 2013 Abstract During the 100 years from 1850 to 1949, six English textbooks on internal medicine were translated into Chinese and published. Publication of these books was a response to the increased demand for Chinese textbooks after the opening of several Western-style hospitals and medical schools in China where the instruction was in Chinese. Throughout this period, textbooks translated from English were regarded as symbols of mainstream and authority within medical communities in China. There was a shift of translators from British and American medical missionaries to Chinese medical elites. Publishers also changed from missionary hospitals or missionary organizations to the Chinese Medical Association, which was led by ethnic Chinese. After the 1950s, translation activity continued in Taiwan, but it was halted in China until after the Cultural Revolution. This paper provides bibliogra