宪法本质是限制执政者权力法律.docVIP

宪法的定义及其本质研究（一） the Definition and Essential Research of Constitution（I 宪法的本质是限制执政者权力的法律 The Essence of Constitution is a Law to Limit the Rulers’ Authority 梁卫华( Liang Wei-hua （恩平广播电视大学，广东 恩平529400） （Enping Radio ＆ Television University，Enping Guangdong China 529400） [摘要]本文运用历史唯物主义的观点、方法，对宪法的起源和发展进行了分析，揭示了宪法是人民群众将通过斗争从执政者或统治阶级手中争取到的民主权利法律化的成果，宪法在本质上是限制执政者权力的法律，宪法体现的是人民群众的意志和利益，不体现人民群众意志、得不到人民群众认可的“宪法”不是真正意义上的宪法，最终必被人民群众和历史所唾弃，而无视人民群众民主权利和力量的执政者、政权、统治阶级乃至社会制度，或早或迟最终必被人民群众所推翻。当前我国宪法学界对宪法及其本质的认识陷入了误区，只有去伪存真回归历史唯物主义的轨道，才能揭示宪法和宪政发展的内在规律，提高我们党依法执政的能力，树立社会主义宪法的权威，建设社会主义宪政，依法治国。 Abstract: Using the ideas and mothods of historical materialism, the article analyzes the origin and development of the constitution and reveals that constitution is a legal result, the democratic rights that people won over the rulers and the ruling class by struggle. The essence of constitution is a law to limit the rulers’ authority. It reflects people’s will and benfifit. If a constitution doesn’t reflect people’s will and benefit and doesn’t approve by people, it is not a real constitution and it will be finally abandoned by people and history. The rulers, authorities, the ruling class or the social systems that neglect people’s democratic rights and power will be finally overthew by people sooner or later. At present, the constitutional circles in our country fall into a misunderstanding in recognizing the constitution and its essence. As long as we eliminate the false and retain the true and return to the orbit of historical materialism, we can reveal the internal law of the constitution and the constitutional development, improve the ability of our party to be in power by law, build up the authority of socialist constitution, and then construct socialist constitutional government and run the country by law. [关键词] 历史唯物主义；宪法；起源；本质； Key words: historical materialism; constitution; origin; essence; 综观当前我国宪法学界对于宪法的定义和宪法的本质的认识，几乎众口一词形成所谓权威通说：即认为宪法是集中体现统治阶级的意志和利益，反映阶级力量或政治力量实际对比关系，规定一个国家的根本性问题，使民主制