英语翻译_冶金矿山地质_工程科技_专业资料.docVIP

句子翻译 第一课 1.科学家认为地球由几层组成 The earth,scientists deem,is composed of several layers. 2.地球的固态部分称为岩石圈。 The solid part of the earth is termed the lithosphere. 3.地质学家发现大部分海洋下地壳厚4~10英里。 Geologists found that the thickness of most of the crust under the marine is 4 to 10 miles . 4.水和空气在地球历史上是作用于地球表面的最重要的因素。 Acting on the surface of the earth, Water and air are the most important factors in the history of the earth. 5.大气圈是由环绕地球固体和液体部分的气体组成。 Atmosphere is composed of the gas around the solid and the liquid part of earth. 第二课 1.大约地壳重量的75%是由氧和硅这两种元素组成的。 Approximately 75% of the weight of the crust is composed of the two elements --- oxygen and silicon. 2.硅酸盐晶体中最基本的单位称之为硅氧四面体。 The basic unit of silicate crystals is termed the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. 3.矿物的硬度主要取决于矿物空间格子中原子和离子之间化学键的强度。 The hardness of minerals mainly depends on the strength of chemical bonds between ions and atoms in mineral space lattice. 4.矿物沿着一定的方向破裂成光滑面的性质称为解理。 The nature of Minerals breaking into the smooth surface along a certain direction is called cleavage. 5.虽然已经发现了2000多种矿物并且进行了科学的描述，但是它们当中的大多数在地壳中占的比例很少而且很难遇到。 Although more than 2000 minerals have been found and conducted a scientific description, but the proportion of most of them in the crust is small and most of them are difficult to encounter. 第三课 denudational agencies---剥蚀作用 glacial ice---冰川 sediment-laden streams---泥沙流 clastic limestone---碎屑灰岩 parent rock----母岩 杂基---the rock’s matrix 胶结物---cement 沉积物的搬运--- the removal and transport of Sediment 松散的沉积物--- Loose sediment 褐铁矿---- Limonite 1.总的来说，变质岩的特征取决于变质因素的种类和强度以及母岩本身的性质。 In general, the characteristics of metamorphic rocks depend on the type and intensity of deterioration factors and the nature of the parent rock itself. 2.沉积岩大约占地壳的8%，然而它们却覆盖着全部陆地的75%。 Sedimentary rocks account for about 8% of the earths crust, but they are covered with 75% of all land. 3.喷发过程是宁静的还是爆发的，其主要决定因素是岩浆的温度 粘度以及岩浆中包含气体的数量. Eruption is quiet or the outbreak, the main determining factor is the temperature of magma，the vi