聚合物加工中数值方法.docVIP

注塑模充填和保压阶段的数值方法 摘 要:注塑成型的充填过程是一个对流占优的能量传递过程。其中采用有限差分法对注塑过程中充填阶段的温度场进行数值分析,建立基于非牛顿流体在非等温状态下广义Hele - Shaw流动的数学模型，来预测非牛顿流体在任意形状薄壁型腔内流动时的温度场，采用分步法将该能量守恒方程分解为一个对流方程和一个热传导方程，可分别选择不同的时间步长和求解方案独立进行求解，可以得到合理的模拟结果。在保压过程中，基于粘性流体力学的基本理论，建立可压缩、 非牛顿粘性流体在模具型腔中非等温流动的数学模型，选用了恰当的材料性质模型，确定合理的初始条件和边界条件，采用有限元/有限差分耦合解法求解数学模型实现对保压过程的模拟。 关键词：注射成型 充填 数值模拟 温度场 保压 Numerical Method in Filling Stage and Packing Stage of Injection Molding Abstract : Injection molding filling process is a convection dominant energy transfer process.Numerical analysis of temperature field during filling stage of injection molding is investigated by using FDM method here. The model is based on the generalized Hele-Shaw flows of Non-Newtionian fluid under nonisothermal condition. The temperature field of Non-Newtonian fluid within thin cavities of arbitrary shape can be predicted.The energy equation was solved by an operator-splitting method.First, the convective part of the problem was solved, and then the conduction term and source term were solved.In this way,particularly effective numerical schemes were used.In the packing stage, an at tempt is made to derive a mathematical model describing the packing behavior based on generalized Hele-Shaw flow for a purely viscous and compressible fluid in thin cavity under nonisothermal conditions.The material properties are described accurately as well.The finite-element technique is employed to treat the pressure and temperature field in the stream-wise direction, how ever, an implicit finite- difference scheme is used to obtain temperature distribution in the gap wise direction. Keywords: injection molding ;filling stage; numerical simulation ; temperature field; packing stage ; 注射成型是高分子材料加工成型的主要方式之一。这种方法能制得外形复杂、 尺寸稳定的制品，易于实现全自动化，因此具有很大的经济意义。 在充填过程中，热力学过程是成型工艺的一个重要方面，其对微观结构、残余应力、收缩率、翘曲及最终产品的质量都有重要的影响；聚合物粘度具有温度依赖且在型腔的冷模壁附近会产生冷凝层，只有在精确计算型腔充填阶段的温度场的基础上，对保压和冷却过程的模拟才有意义。 在保压过程中，为型腔充满后在一定压力的作用下向型腔内继续注料以弥补由于压力增大或温度降低所造成的体积收缩。保压阶段熔体流动是通过密度变化造成的体积收缩来实现的。保压过程包括压实和固化两个阶段，压实阶段