电力系统节能降耗技术研究.doc

Study on Energy-saving Technology of Power Systems摘 要 伴随着生态环境恶化、能源危机加剧，促进产业节能、谋求持续发展已成为现代发展的主题。党中央高度重视节约型社会建设的战略背景给电力行业节能降耗技术的突破带来了新的契机。我国电力行业已经进入产业调整和结构升级的转型时期，大力推进电力系统节能降耗技术，有利于弥补我国各城市、各地域的用电缺口，从根本上解决电力资源短缺的问题。 以电力系统发电、输电、变配电和用电四大环节为切入点，系统的概括分析了常见的电力系统节能降耗技术的应用，着重的介绍了新能源分布式发电、变压器的节电降耗以及电网的无功功率优化等等节约发电成本、降低电网损耗的经典措施，并简要的扩展了一些具有广阔发展前景的节能降耗新举措、新技术，总体把握了当前电力系统在能量损耗方面的存在的具体问题和实际情况，为以后深入开展电力系统节能降耗工作提出了初步的思路。 关键词 节能降耗 新能源与分布式发电 无功功率优化 Abstract With the deterioration of the ecological environment and the intensifying of energy crisis, saving energy of industry and seeking sustainable way of developments have become a topic of modern world. Our government paid attention to the Conservation-oriented society long time ago, which has brought a new chance for energy-saving technology of power systems. China's power industry has entered the age of adjusting industrial structure and upgrading the transition. The study on energy-saving technology of power systems helps to make up the geographical electricity gap of different cities and different areas, solving the problem of power shortage fundamentally. The entry point consists in the introduction of four parts of power systems named generation part, transmission part, power distribution part and consumption part, focusing on the introduction of energy saving technologies, referring to DER, energy saving transformer, and reactive power optimization, for example. Besides, we talked about a brief extension of some new energy saving initiatives and new technologies, studied the specific problems about the energy consumption of power systems. All those referred present preliminary ideas for the future power system carry out the energy saving work. Keywords Energy saving DER Reactive Power Optimization 目 录 前 言 1 第1章 关于电力系统和电力损耗 3 1.1 电力系统的基本概念和组成 3 1.2 电力系统运行的基本要求 3 1.3 电力损耗的成因以及定义 4 第2章 电力系统各环节的节能降耗技术 5 2.1 发电环节的节能降耗措施 5 2.1.1 发电环节节能降耗举措的重要性 5 2.1.2 发电环节节能降耗举措：新能源发电技术 6 2.1.3 发电环节节能降耗举措：分布式发电与电源的最优组合 8 2.2 输配电环节的电力损耗计算