试论“新批评”文本细读.pdfVIP

摘 要 文本细读是一种细致的阅读文本的一种文学研究方法。本文意在强调，新批 评的文本细读是从文学自身研究文学的文学研究方式，在各种文学批评理论纷呈 眼前时，我们应该认识到，文学研究应该拥有自己的范畴和方法；在文学研究之 中，学习并应用某种其他学科的理论时，不应该放弃了文学研究的独立性。除前 言部分，本文共分为四个部分。第一部分主要阐明新批评文本细读的理论基础, 交待了文本细读的根据。第一节分析了新批评的以文本为中心文本中心主义，梳 理了新批评否定了其它文学批评流派把现实，作家和读者的感受作为批评文学作 品的依据；第二节指出新批评派试图建立一种专业的文学批评，这种专业的文学 批评就是他们奉行的文本细读。第二部分指出新批评的文本细读所关注的因素。 动机和目的决定了方法和价值标准，他们所关注的就成为了文学批评预设的价值 标准。第三部分分析了文本细读的实践。因为新批评主要是对诗歌进行细读，所 以这部分主要考察了燕卜荪和布鲁克斯的关于诗歌的文本细读，而简单的总结了 布鲁克斯和华伦的小说阅读。第四个部分讨论了新批评与中国文学的联系，以及 从文学的发展和文艺学本身的发展出发，提出当下的文学批评要借鉴学习新批评 的文本细读。 关键字： 新批评；文本细读；文本 I Abstract Close reading is a technique which is used for full reading literature text. In this paper, it is emphasized that close reading is a technique of studying works in the own way of literature, and that we should know that the literature studies should have its own category and method when other literary criticism theories appear in our literature criticism. During the literature researches, the literature research independence should not be given up when we study and apply some other disciplines on works. Except the foreword part, this article altogether is divided into four parts. The foreword limits the new criticism and the close reading. The first part mainly expounded the rationale of the new criticism for close reading, and transferred the basis for close reading. It is analysed that the new criticism take the text as the central, and described that New Criticism rejected the other schools of literary criticismes which take the reality, the feelings of writers and readers as the foundation for literature criticism in the first section. It is pointed out that the New Criticism trying to set up a professional literary criticism,close reading, which they pursued in the second section. In the second part, the