2010年全国硕士研究生考试英语一试题及参考答案.pdfVIP

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SH T 1. (10points) In 1924Americas National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting 1 workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended 2 giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influential idea that the very 3 to being experimented upon changed subjects behavior. Theideaarosebecauseofthe 4 behaviorofthewomen intheHawthorneplant. According to 5 of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lightingwas increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 6 what was done in the experiment;7 somethingwas changed,productivityrose.A(n)8 thattheywere being experimentedupon seemedtobe 9 toalterworkers behavior 10 itself. After several decades, the same data were 11 to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experimentshasanother surprisestore 12 thedescriptionsonrecord, no systematic 13 was found that levelsofproductivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to 14 interpretation of what happed. 15 , lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output 16 rose compared with the previousSaturdayand 17 toriseforthenextcoupleofdays.18 ,acomparison with dataforweekswhen therewas no experimentation showedthatoutputalwayswent up on Monday, workers 19 to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 20 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged Hawthorne effect is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted