2008年联 合国译员招聘考试初试题及参考译文.pdfVIP

2008 年联合国译员招聘考试初试题及参考译文 北京外国语大学高级翻译学院 李长栓 按：此为2008 年联合国译员招聘考试初试题及参考译文（部分）。此译文并非 联合国提供，仅供参考。 Topic 1: Distributive justice 话题 1：分配公平 How can the distribution of social goods in a society be just? Utopian visionaries throughout history have given answers to this question and, to the extent to which these answers varied, have set off ideological controversies as well as wars. Questions that need to be settled by dogma or force, however, are liable to have no answers at all. Presumably it is this insight that has led many sober-minded students in the fields of sociology, economics and political science to abandon the question of how distributive justice can be realized, replacing it with the question of why the belief in distributive justice is illusory. 一个社会如何分配社会产品才算公平？不同历史时期的空想家们给 出了各种答 案，甚至由于见解的不同，引发了意识形态斗争，直至兵戎相见。然而，需要诉 诸教条或武力的问题，往往根本就不存在答案。大概正是因为意识到了这 一点， 很多冷静的社会学、经济学和政治学的研究者纷纷放弃如何实现分配公平的问 题，转而思考为何关于分配公平的信念仅是一种幻想。 Posed from this perspective the question gains complexity as well as openness. There may be many answers. None of these answers can claim to be the ultimate one but, summed, they may contribute to our understanding of the forces inhibiting or facilitating distributive social justice. 从这个角度看，分配公平的问题显得更加复杂和捉摸不定。这个问题的答案可能 有多种。哪个答案都不能自诩为最终答案。但是，把所有答案综合起来看，或许 有助于我们理解妨碍或推动社会分配公平的因素。 I attempt to address one of the many aspects of the illusion of distributive justice, focusing on the conceptual distinction between realizing vs. perceiving distributive justice. Distributive social justice is liable to be illusory on both accounts. It can be illusory because, contrary to the beliefs we may have, it may be impossible for the distribution of social goods to be just regardless of what we do. For instance, the impossibility theorem, according to which collective social welfare functions cannot be determined, is directed towards the destruction of this type