Style 论文.pptVIP

Style Qiu Yanping College of Foreign Languages The University of Shaoxing Definition The way you present your ideas: choices of words, sentence structure, and paragraph length etc. Academic paper should be formal in style. Diction Tone Voice Economy Tense Sentence structure Parallelism Unbiased language Diction The diction in research paper should be formal rather than colloquial. Slang and imprecise diction of casual conversation have no place in research paper. Each word should convey your meaning as exactly as possible. Do not use quotation marks to indicate that you do not really mean what the word means. When using specialized vocabulary or jargon, define your terms clearly. Tone Tone and attitude should be serious not ironic or flippant (disrespectful or amusing). Humorous, casual, or conversational approaches are usually inappropriate for research papers; they conflict with your audience’s expectations concerning research writing. Voice Voice conveys your relationship or connection to the ideas you present. Do not need to use first-person pronouns to give your papers a voice. Most research papers should be written in the third person (he, she, they or it) as subjects of the sentences. Do not use impersonal labels such as “the researcher” or “the writer,” which remove you entirely from your paper. Example In my opinion, presidential candidates should debate in an uncontrolled forum. I firmly believe that previous researchers have misinterpreted the evidence. Do not use second-person pronoun (you, your) in research paper. Commands (implied second person) should be avoided. Example Notice that these statistics substantiated the previous study. The first-person pronoun is appropriate when you relate a personal experience you wish to call particular attention to your opinion as distinguished from the views of others. in papers that call for a subjective response to texts, ideas or situations (some kinds of literary criticism and anthropological studies). in