TherapeuticUsesforBloodProductsandEnzymeTherapeuti：血液制品的研究治疗的治疗用途.pptVIP

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2017-08-26 发布于重庆
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TherapeuticUsesforBloodProductsandEnzymeTherapeuti：血液制品的研究治疗的治疗用途.ppt

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TherapeuticUsesforBloodProductsandEnzymeTherapeuti：血液制品的研究治疗的治疗用途.ppt

Therapeutic Uses for Blood Products andEnzyme Therapeutics BIT 230 Walsh Chapter 9 Blood and Blood Products Source of traditional biologics Blood composed of red blood cells white blood cells platelets plasma (contain cellular elements) - therapeutic proteins come from plasma Therapeutic Blood Products Clotting factors Factor VIIa VIII, IX and XIII Platelet concentrate Hemoglobin whole blood (hemorrhage) Red blood cells Risk with Blood Product Use Transmission of infectious diseases Hepatitis B and C HIV Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (cold symptoms or more serious in people with HIV) Treponema pallidum (syphilis) Trypanosomes Strict GMP guidelines for using blood products Careful screening of all donors and donations use of pathogen removing methods or inactivation during processing steps stringent screening of all finished products TRACEABILITY important! - no test 100% accurate (1/42,000 HIV negative blood unit donated is actually positive) Treatment of Blood Products Can’t heat inactivate or chemically treat blood product to remove pathogens Rely on careful screening procedures Chromatography steps effective in separation of pathogens from the blood product Use of Platelets Key role in blood clotting process Administered either prophylactically or therapeutically to prevent or minimize blood loss- people suffering from thrombocytopenia (low number of thrombocytes, alternate word for platelets) Human Serum Albumin (HSA) Most abundant blood protein (Table 9.4 page 356 table of known plasma proteins) 65.5 kDa protein 60% of total plasma protein Responsible for most of blood osmotic pressure (retaining sufficient fluid in blood vessels) makes blood “thicker than water” Therapeutic HSA Available in aqueous form or concentrated form plasma extender in hemorrhage, shock, burns and edema used after surgery market value about $1 billion Hemostasis Maintain constant blood volume; Mechanisms for hemostasis: congregation and clumping of platelets at site of vascular injury loca