（压轴专讲）2014年中考英语命题要点强化与新题预测 动词语态.docVIP

2014年中考命题要点强化与新题预测——动词语态 【考点串讲】 中考对动词语态的考查主要是不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。 高频考向一　语态用法的重点 动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。动词中，只有及物动词有被动语态。 【例1】【2013，江西】The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France.His new book ________ into French as soon as it came out. A．was translated B．translated C．is translated D．translates 解析：“他的新书”作主语，应使用被动语态；且从句的动作与主句的动作几乎同时发生，从句为一般过去时，主句也应使用一般过去时。 答案：__A__ 【例2】【2013，盐城】In the past few years，thousands of films ________ all over the world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 解析：由“in the past few years在过去的几年里”可知要用现在完成时。“films”作主语，须用被动语态。 答案：__B__ 高频考向二　语态用法的难点 ①某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如： This dictionary sells well.这种字典很好销售。 The woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。 The car needs repairing.＝That car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。 The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。 ②主动语态中有些动词，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to.如： He made the boy work for him＝The boy was made to work for him.这男孩被迫为他工作。 ③动词短语变成被动短语时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如： The baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。 His plan was laughed at by everyone.大家都嘲笑他的计划。 ④形容词cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式做状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如： A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。 This question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。 ⑤形容词worth后接动名词时，该动名词的主动形式表被动意义。如： The book is worth reading.这本书值得读一读。 【例3】【2013，常州】This listening material，together with its CDROMs，________well. A．sells B．sell C．is sold D．are sold 解析：本文的主语为this listening material，为第三人称单数；sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这份听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销”。 答案：__A__ 【例4】【2013，黄石】This pair of shoes________hand，and it ________very comfortable. A．is made with；is felt B．are made from；is felt C．are made of；feels D．is made by；feels 解析：“这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服。”主语this pair of shoes是谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，用is made by；feel为连系动词，不能用被动语态。 答案：__D__ 【例5】【2013，呼和浩特】 If you see the cartoon film，you will________laugh. A．be made B．be made to C．made to D．make 解析：“如果你看到这部动画电影，你将会