节能灯用纳米氧化铝的制备与表征.docVIP

中国计量学院 毕业设计（论文） ? ? ? 题目：节能灯用纳米氧化铝的制备与表征 ????????? ? 二级学院?光学与电子科技学院 ?专????业?光信息与科学技术 班???? 级?????03信试???? 学???? 号???030080003102 ? 姓???? 名????邵宇?????? 指导教师??????王焕平????????? ? ? ? 2007年 6 月 12 日 ? ? ? ? ? ? 摘???要 ? 氧化铝在许多工业领域已经得到了广泛的应用，在节能灯中可作为保护膜，其制备方法可分为固相法、气相法、液相法。溶胶-凝胶法是制备纳米粉末的重要技术之一，作为一种湿化学合成方法，具有设备简单、工艺易于控制、粉末纯度和均匀度高、成本低等优点。 本文以异丙醇铝(Al(C3H7O)3)为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出γ型纳米氧化铝(γ-Al2O3)粉末。通过X射线衍射分析(XRD）观察物相、透射电子显微镜(TEM)观测颗粒表面形态，研究了去离子水量、反应温度，以及添加剂（硝酸、氟化氢铵、冰醋酸、氨水）等对纳米Al2O3粉体特征的影响及作用机理。 研究结果表明，去离子水量对颗粒形貌和粒径有着重要影响，在相同摩尔比情况下，80℃粉体的分散性要好于60℃，通过溶胶-凝胶法制备水合氧化铝的最佳制备方法为：异丙醇铝和水的摩尔比为1:3，水解温度为80℃，醇铝相和水相同时滴加至异丙醇底液中，搅拌2h后静置24h凝胶，将水合氧化铝凝胶在90℃电热恒温箱干燥24h，形成干凝胶粉。不同改性剂对纳米氧化铝粉体的形貌以及分散性有较大的影响。 ? 关键词：节能灯；保护膜；γ-Al2O3；溶胶-凝胶法 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ABSTRACT ? 　Alumina(Al2O3 ) has been widely applied in greatmany different industrial areas, and has been used as aprotective film onenergy saving lamps. There is solid reaction method, vapor phasemethod and liquid phase method. The sol-gel method is one of the most important techniques for preparinghigh quality nanoscale powders since it provides ahighpurity,low temperature synthesis and especially a precise compositioncontrol. It can overcome many of the disadvantages of conventionaltechniques because it is simple, less expensive and allows coatingof complex geometry. ?The nanoscaleγ-alumina (γ-Al2O3) powders were prepared from the rawmaterials of aluminium-iso-propoxide(Al(C3H7O)3) with thesol-gel technology.The phase ofpowers was investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Thetransmission electron microscope (TEM) was used toobserveparticulatesurface structure. I studied the quantity of deionizedwater, the reaction temperature, as well as chemical additive(nitric acid, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, glacial acetic acid,ammonia water) and so on to nanometer Al2O3 powder body characteristicinfluence and action mechanism. The result indicated that, the quantity of deionized water has theimportant influence to the pellet appearance and the parti