一枝黄花的遗传毒性研究(生态环境学报版).docVIP

一枝黄花的遗传毒性研究 董亚娟 方舟 摘要：本文以市售一枝黄花为实验材料，运用蚕豆根尖微核技术研究一枝黄花水浸提液的化感作用，旨在分析一枝黄花的遗传毒性。结果表明：（1）一枝黄花水浸提液使有丝分裂指数下降幅度与水浸提液浓度和处理时间呈正相关一枝黄花水浸提液使蚕豆根尖的微核率升高，上升幅度与水浸提液浓度和处理时间呈正相关；（3）一枝黄花水浸提液使蚕豆根尖细胞出现染色体桥、染色体断片、染色体滞后等异常现象，且水浸提液对蚕豆根尖的影响存在显著地时间效应和浓度效应。上述结果表明一枝黄花水浸提液对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂产生不同程度的抑制和损伤，具有一定的遗传毒性，具备快速扩散的能力。 关键词：一枝黄花；遗传毒性；蚕豆根尖；微核Study on Genetic Toxicity of Solidago decurrens DONG Ya-juan FANG Zhou Abstract: In this paper, using commercial Solidago decurrens as experimental material, using micronucleus test technique in Vicia faba root study on alelopathy?effects of Solidago decurrens of?water extract, aims to analyze the genetic toxicity of Solidago decurrens. The results show that: (1) Solidago decurrens of?water extract made the mitotic index decreased, drop and water leaching solution concentration and treatment time were positively related; (2)Solidago decurrens of?water extract made the Vicia faba root micronucleus rate rising, rising amplitude was a?positive correlation?between water extract concentration and treatment time; (3) Solidago decurrens of?water extract made the Vicia faba root appeared chromosome bridge, chromosome fragment, frequency of lagging chromosomes and the other abnormal phenomena, the effects of water extract on Vicia faba root tip of the significant time effect and concentration effect. The results show that Solidago decurrens of water extract has a different degrees inhibition and injury of Vicia faba root tip cells mitosis,and has a certain genetic toxicity, with the rapid diffusion. Key words: Solidago decurrens; Genetic toxicity; Vicia faba root tip ; micronucleus 一枝黄花(SoIidago decurrens Lour)系菊科(Asteraceae)一枝黄花属多年生草本植物，主要生长于我国的华东、中南、西南及陕西、台湾等地。一枝黄花的种子非常细小，种子上长有多根细毛，像蒲公英种子一样随风飘散，传播极广，种子入土后即萌生新的植株，结籽后老植株枯萎，在其蓿根四周长出几十根幼枝，到下一年又开花结籽。 近年来，国内外关于一枝黄花的研究的相关报道主要集中在一枝黄花的相关的化学成分[1-2]、物理化学分析[3]、药用成分及药理作用[4]、化感作用[5-6]等方面。研究方法也各不相同。 自然界的植物中含有丰富的萜类物质，植物释放出的萜类化合物会对其它植物产生化感作用已被证实。已知加拿大一枝黄花的精油中含有丰富的单萜类、倍半萜烯类、单萜含氧化物、倍半萜含氧化物等成分[7]。 外来植物成功入侵的原因是多方面的，其中化感作用在植物入侵过程中起着非