数控技术专业外文翻译--铣削.docVIP

外文原文： MILLING Milling is a machining process that is carried out by means of a multiedge tool known as a milling cutter .In this process,metal removal is achieved through combining the rotary motion of the milling cutter and linear motions of the workpiece simultaneously.Milling operations are employed in producing flat ,contoured and helical surfaces as well as for thread-and gear-cutting operations. Each of the cutting edges of a milling cutter acts as an individualsingle-point cutter when it engages with the workpiece metal .Therefore ,each of those cutting edges has appropriate rake and relief angles .Since only a few of the cutting edges are engaged with the workpiece at a time ,heavy cuts can be taken without adversely affecting the tool life .In fact ,the permissible cutting speeds and feeds for milling are there to four times higher than those for turning or drilling .Moreover,the quality of the surfaces machined by turning ,shaping ,or drilling. A wide variety of milling cutters is available in industry with the fact that a milling machine is a very versatile machine milling machine the backbone of a machining workshop. As far as the direction of cutter rotation and workpiece feed are concerned ,milling is performed by either of a machining workshop. Up milling (conventional milling) .In up milling the workpiece is fed against the direction of cutter rotation ,as shown in Fig.5. l(a) .As we can see in that figure ,the depth of cut (and consequently the load ) gradually increases on the successively engaged cutting edges .Therefore ,the machining process involves no impact loading ,thus ensuring smoother operation of the machine tool and longer tool life .The quality of the machined surface obtained by up milling is not very high .Nevertheless ,up milling is commonly used in inciustry ,especially for rough cuts. Down milling(climb milling) .As can be seen in Fig.5.1b ,in down milling the cutter rotation coincides with the direction of feed at the contact poi