表面活性剂论文：分离压作用下表面活性剂溶液铺展特性的研究.docVIP

表面活性剂论文：分离压作用下表面活性剂溶液的铺展特性研究 【中文摘要】含有表面活性剂的液滴放置在预置液膜表面上时,液滴会出现铺展现象,表面活性剂通过改变物系的界面状态进而改变其铺展等过程,使铺展呈现复杂的指进现象和Marangoni效应,且具有强烈的非线性特性。当薄膜厚度小于100nm时,此时在含有表面活性剂的液滴铺展过程中,分离压将控制液膜铺展特性,并决定液膜的稳定性和润湿性,不同的分离压效应对于液膜铺展过程起着加速或延缓的作用,并对铺展的稳定性和干斑的形成速度有着显著的影响。本文通过结合微观分子动力学、表面胶体化学和宏观流体动力学,根据活性剂溶液的非均匀铺展特征,确定合理的非均匀铺展过程中分离压模型;基于扩散理论和边界层理论,建立分离压作用下的液膜厚度、液膜表面和溶液内部的单分子浓度的三方程理论模型,采用截面平均法和摄动法推导上述特征量在基态和扰动态下的高阶非线性偏微分演化方程组;利用PDECOL程序对分离压模型分别为Π= 0、Π=Π（ h）、Π=Π( h , hx ,hxx)下的基态方程组进行模拟,获得液膜厚度、液膜表面和溶液内单分子浓度的演化特征,分析不同分离压模型下最大液膜厚度、临界破断点和铺展前缘等铺展参数的变化,分析预置液膜与液滴厚度之比、毛细力数、吸附系数、难溶性系数等参数的影响规律;研究由分子间引力和斥力的不同作用引发的液膜加速铺展或者憎水现象,揭示不同分离压作用下液膜铺展过程的动力学特性;借助数值模拟技术,通过计算扰动能量放大比以及瞬时扰动增长率,结合非模态稳定性理论分析瞬间液膜铺展的稳定性。本文完善了该领域的基础理论,促进了活性剂铺展过程在实际过程中的应用,并对可深入研究的方向进行了展望。 【英文摘要】The spreading of droplet take placed when the surfactant-laden thin liquid films in the preset film or solid substrate, which is remarkably changed with the interface variation of solutions by the effect of surfactant. The spreading of surfactant solutions demonstrates the complex fingering phenomena and Marangoni effect, with strong nonlinear characteristics.The spreading process of surfactant solutions is captured by the disjoining pressure when the film thickness is less than roughly 100nm. It plays an acceleration or delay role in the spreading with different disjoining pressure models. The disjoining pressure controls the stability and wettability of the liquid film, and influences the dry spots formation speed obviously.Firstly, a reasonable disjoining pressure model of non-uniform is suggested, combining the non-uniform spreading characteristic of surfactant solution by microscopic molecular dynamics, surface colloid chemistry and macro fluid dynamics. Secondly, the theoretical model and the nonlinear three evolution equations for the film thickness and surface and bulk surfactant concentrations are derived on the base of diffusion theory, boundary theory and lubrication theory. Lastly, the procedure of PDECOL is used to perform the numerical simula