常用数字PID算法研究.docVIP

常用数字PID算法研究 摘要 PID控制具有适应性强、原理简单、控制效果好、鲁棒性强等特点，是迄今为止最稳定的控制方法，在工业生产自动过程中一直都占着很重要的地位，它广泛应用于社会中的化工、机械、电厂等各个生部门。随着计算机的不断发展，出现了计算机采样控制，即数字PID控制。数字PID控制的核思想是通过传感器将测量到连续信号转换为统一标准信号后输入给PID调节器，在调节器运算后通过调节阀输出，作用于被控对象，实现控制目的。在这个过程中不仅仅只是把连续PID算法离散化，更为重要的是需要与计算机CPU的逻辑判断和计算能力相结合，使得数字PID的形式多样化，调整参数更加方便，能够满足不同的需求。数字PID控制算法的形式千变万化，参数整定极为重要。合理的参数能够使系统达到预期效果，反之会造成被控系统反应缓慢、超调量大或者是振荡，甚至出现系统发散，造成极大地人身财产伤害。因此，分析研究数字PID及其改进算法有很大的现实意义。 本文介绍PID控制技术的发展历史和研究进展。分析了传统的模拟和数字PID控制算法，并对PID控制算法进行微分项和积分项的改进，学习了几种比较普遍运用的方法。在学习的基础上，结合实际的控制对象参数可能出现的变化，提出了一种自整定参数的PID智能控制算法, 可以在工业上推广使用。 关键词：算法 of Using MATLAB Software abstract So far, the PID is the most common control arithmetic. Its structure is simple and easy to implement, however, the control effect is perfect and it has a strong robust characteristics. Automatic process has very important position in industrial production，which has been widely used in society the chemical, mechanical, power plant and other various raw department. With the development of computer, digital PID control emerged. The core of Digital PID control is to converte continuous signals which have been measured into uniform standard signal through the sensor. In this process,what we do is not only converte the continuous PID algorithm into discretization, but to make computer CPU logic and computational ability integrated, which make the form of digital PID parameters more convenient for the sake of adjustment, and able to meet different needs. Setting of parameter is extremely important to Digital PID control algorithm.For the actual needs, a good parameter PID controller tuning method can not only reduce the burden on operators, but also make the system running at best. Therefore, analysis of digital PID algorithm has great practical significance. In this paper,we will introduce the development history and the research progress of PID control technology，analysis the traditional analog and digital PID control algorithm.and improve the differential and integral of traditional PID