从国家重大科技专项分析中国科技体制-杨龙.docVIP

从“国家科技重大专项”分析中国科技体制 杨龙 S201004132 （北京工业大学建筑工程学院市政工程专业） 摘要：国家科技重大专项是在当今中国科技制度体系下设立的，反映了中国的科技体制。科技体制的合理建立有利于科技创新和科技进步，促进经济的平稳增长，也有利于高科技走进人们生活。通过分析国家科技重大专项，中国科技体制有着中国的特色，中国科技体制设立的国家重大专项有利于改善民生。但是，中国科技体制设置的层次过多，导致科研的完成浮躁，并且研究成果并不具有实际意义，或者产生的成果浅显，阻碍了科技创新。中国科技体制与中国政治体制、经济体制、教育体制等密切相关，中国科技体制正在处于不断完善中。 关键词：中国科技体制；国家科技重大专项；科技体制的特点 Abstract: Key National Science Technology Specific Projects were based on the system of science and technology institution in todays China, reflecting Chinas?scientific and technological system. Reasonable?scientific and technological system is beneficial to technological innovation and scientific and technological progress, and it can promote steady economic growth. Meanwhile, Reasonable?scientific and technological system can combine high-tech with peoples lives. Through analysis of Key National Science Technology Specific Projects, I can conclude that Science and Technology System?in China?has?Chinese characteristics, and Key National Science Technology Specific Projects are conducive to improve?peoples livelihood. However, administrative levels of scientific and technological system?in China are too much, which leads to Academic Floppy, and the research results?have no?practical significance, or?the research results?are very plain and easy to understand, those problems block technological innovation. China Science and Technology?System is closely related to political?system, economic?system, education?system in China, and it is?being in a continual reform and improvement. Key words:?Science and technology institution in China; Key National Science Technology Specific Projects; The characteristics of?scientific and technological system 引言 “十一五”期间,16个国家科技重大专项相继启动实施。截至目前,国家科技重大专项共实施2500多个课题、中央财政资金投入已超过400亿元、每个专项都培养凝聚了上万人队伍,已经取得了一系列成果。科技部重大专项办公室主任许倞介绍说：“从目前的实施情况看来,这些专项有力地支撑转变经济发展方式的战略部署,保障和改善了民生,探索出市场经济条件下发挥制度优势进行科技攻关的新形式。” 16个国家科技重大专项包括核高基、集成电路装备、宽带移动通信、数控机床、油气开发、水体污染治理、大型核电站、新药创制、转基因、大型飞机、传染病防治、载人航天与探月工程、高分辨率对地观测系统等。 许倞说：“这16个重大专项与我国传统科技计划和项