必修四4单元语法现在分词作状语.docVIP

Grammar: The V-ing is used as the adverbial Read the following sentences and discover the useful structures 1. a. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking. b.Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note. 2. a. Having eaten too much for supper, he couldnt go to sleep. b. Having worked with the foreigners for years, I knew them very well. 3.a. Not knowing her phone number, we couldnt get in touch with her. b. Not having received a reply, he decided to write another letter. 4.a When visiting the great wall, they make a side trip to the nearby villages. b. Though living near her house, I seldom see her these days. .5.a.The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. b. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home. 小结： 动词---ing 形式作时间，条件，原因， 让步等状语时，可转换为对应的状语从句。如： Hearing the news(=When she heard the news),she burst into tears. Not feeling well that morning(=As he wasn’t feeling well that morning), he went to see the doctor. 二、动词—ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。如： Walking down the street, I ran into Sue.（=When I was walking down the street, I ran into Sue.） Seen from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.(= When the house is seen from the top of the building, it looks like a match box.) 三．动词--- ing形式（短语）作状语，可表示时间、 条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随情况等， 动词--ing形式所表示的动作与（ 主语 ） 之间常构成主谓关系，即主动关系。 动词--- ing形式（短语）的完成式 所表示的动作发生在（ 谓语 ）动作之前 动词--- ing形式（短语）的否定形式 常在其（前面 ）加not 四．动词--- ing形式（短语）作状语，其前往往可以 加when, while, if, unless, once, although, as if 等连词，构成“连词+动词--ing形式”结构。又如： While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building. They talked and laughed as if having been friends for many years. 五．动词--- ing形式（短语）可有其独立的逻辑主语 这种主语常常是（名词 ）或代词主语，置于 动词---ing形式之前，二者构成独立主格结构。 巩固练习 1.将v-ing 改写成状语从句 1.） Having experienced earthquakes before, I wasnt frightened. 2.） Coming out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting. 3） Waking u