成年与老年大鼠中脑黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元形态学研究_医学论文.docVIP

成年与老年大鼠中脑黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元形态学研究_医学论文 成年与老年大鼠中脑黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元形态学研究_医学论文 【摘要】 目的 研究大鼠中脑黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元随年龄老化的形态学变化规律 ，探讨其退行性变的形态学依据。方法 SD大鼠16只，雄性，分为成年组(4 5月龄)和老年组(≥18月龄)。取中脑黑质，常规制片，连续冠状切片，分别进行焦油紫染色和TH免疫组化染色，用图像分析仪分别对Nissl染色细胞、TH免疫组化染色阳性神经元进行计数，透射电镜观察神经元的超微结构变化。结果 老年大鼠中脑黑质神经元数量减少(0.05) ， TH阳性神经元也同时减少(0.05)，且在超微结构上老年大鼠多巴胺能神经元出现内质网扩张及多量脂褐素形成。结论 老年黑质退行性病变可能与中脑黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元数量减少有关。 【关键词】 黑质致密部 多巴胺能神经元 Nissl染色 免疫组织化学 大鼠 Abstract： Objective To study the rule of age-related morphological changes of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra compact of midbrain in rats to explore the morphological basis of the degenerative process. Methods SD rats for the present study were of two groups: 4-5 months and above 18 months (n=8 each). Routine paraffin sections were made for Nissl staining, TH immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopy. The neurons and the TH positive cells in the substantia nigra compact were counted by using morphometric technique the ultrastructure of TH positive neurons was studied under electron microscope. Results The total number of neurons and the proportion of the TH positive neurons in the substantia nigra compact were both less in the aged rats than in the younger adult ones (0.05). Electron microscopy showed swelling of endoplasmic reticulum and accumulated pigment formation in the TH positive cells of aged rat. Conclusion There may exist a relation between age-related degenerative diseases and the numeral reduction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantial nigra compact of midbrain. Key words： substantia nigra compact Nissl staining； immunohistochemistry electron microscope tyrosine hydroxylase rat 随着人类平均寿命的增加，神经系统的老化日益受到重视。中脑黑质神经元在多种老年性退行性病变中起着重要作用［1］ 。多巴胺(dopamine，DA)能神经元是脑内分化最早、表达递质以及发出轴突到靶区的神经元之一，而中脑黑质致密部则是DA 能神经元较为集中的区域之一［2-3］ 。黑质致密部DA 能神经元的特异性变性与帕金森病（PD）有着非常密切的关系，其一直是神经科学研究的热点。目前，对老年与成年大鼠黑质致密部内DA能神经元的形态学变化研究得较少。本研究采用Nissl染色、酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase，TH)免疫组织化学染色及电镜等方法对老年和成年大鼠中脑黑质致密部DA能神经元的形态学变化进行研究，探讨DA能神经元在老化过程中的变化规律，以期为研究老年性退行性疾病的发病机制提供一定的形