淄博市10～11岁儿童变应性鼻炎的相关调查_医学论文.docVIP

淄博市10～11岁儿童变应性鼻炎的相关调查_医学论文 淄博市10～11岁儿童变应性鼻炎的相关调查_医学论文 作者：段丽华 赵慎林 尹兆富 邹毅强 宋道亮 张民 【摘要】 目的 通过对淄博市10～11岁儿童变应性鼻炎的流行病学调查，了解其发病特征，并对其相关危险因素进行分析。方法 2005年8—12月，随机选择淄博市12所城市小学、５所乡村小学4～5年级学生为研究对象，通过问卷调查筛选可疑对象，再随疾病预防控制中心对学生的年度健康查体，同时进行专科检查予以确诊。变应性鼻炎诊断依据2004兰州修订的变应性鼻炎诊断标准，对其结果进行统计学处理。结果 发放问卷6 548份，有效问卷6 148份，淄博市10～11岁儿童变应性鼻炎患病率为3，男4，女2，男女发病率无明显差异(χ2=0＞0，其中城市发病率4，男5，女3；乡村发病率为2，男3，女1，城市与乡村发病率有明显差异（χ2=7＜0）。常年性变应性鼻炎33，季节性变应性鼻炎66；轻度78，中重度21；35有变应性鼻炎家族史，15伴有哮喘，29发病前１年内有家庭装潢或家具更新史，167%经过正规治疗。结论 淄博市10～11岁儿童变应性鼻炎患病率3，其中城市患病率4，乡村患病率2，发病与多种因素相关，其中室内室外环境与遗传因素最显重要。本市患儿正规治疗率较低。 【关键词】 儿童；特定年龄段；变应性鼻炎；流行病学 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the epidemic feature of pediatric AR and correlative risk factors in Zibo. Methods A questtionnaire survey on allergic rhinitis was conducted among 6548 elementary school children in seventeen schools , aged from 10 to 11 years old , by random cluster sampling , from Aug. to Dec. , 2005 in Zibo. Suspects of allergic rhinitis , as identified by the survey, were recommended to specialist examinations for accurate diagnosis . Diagnosis criteria of allergic rhinitis were that of ARIA . Results 6224 questtionnaires were returned . The response rate was 95% and 6148 questtionnaires were available . The prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis in children aged from 10 to 11 is 3.7% in Zibo . The difference of prevalence between female (4.6%) and male (2.7% ) was insignificant statistically . According to classification criteria AR of Lanzhou in 2004 , perennial rhinitis is 33.8% , pollinosis is 66.2% . mild cases of AR 78.1% , moderatesevere cases of AR 21.9% . 35.1% of children with AR had inherent predispostion .15.9% patients with AR had bronchial asthma . 29.4% patients with AR had history of domestic decoration before they suffered from AR in 1 year. 16.7% patients has had treated . Conclusion The prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis in children aged from 10 to 11 is 3.7% in Zibo. The prevalence rate of country is 2.5% and city is 4.1%. Some factors led to AR