2015高考阅读理解专项攻略科普知识.ppt

阅读理解题主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材，密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可信。因此科普知识类文章是每年的必考题。分析历年的科普类文章我们不难发现以下特点： 1．文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，语法结构简单，用语通俗。 2．文章内容注重科技领域的新发现。内容新颖，从而使文章显得陌生，内容抽象复杂。 3．命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断。 4．以人们的日常行为或饮食健康入手，探讨利弊，诠释过程，阐述概念。 ScienceDaily (June 18,2012) An experimental vaccine(疫苗) developed to prevent outbreaks of Marburg(马尔堡病毒) hemorrhagic(出血的) fever continues to show promise in monkeys as an emergency treatment for accidental exposures to the virus that causes the disease.There is no licensed treatment for Marburg infection，which has a high fatality rate. In a study of rhesus macaques(恒河猴)，5 of 6 monkeys survived a fatal dose of Marburg virus when treated 24 hours after infection，and 2 of 6 survived when treated 48 hours after infection.Because rhesus macaques typically die of Marburg infection faster than humans，the post-exposure treatment window might be extended even further in humans，the study authors say. The study，overseen by a scientific team from the National Institutes of Health and three other groups with expertise in viral hemorrhagic fevers，was posted online by the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases. “Developing safe，effective，and rapidly effective post-exposure treatments for filoviruses (丝状病毒) is an important scientific priority for our Institute，”says Anthony S．Fauci，M.D.，director of NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)．“The vaccine used in this study is among several novel approaches to treating filoviruses that show great potential.” The fact that three of the rhesus macaques in the current study showed evidence of Marburg virus in periodic blood tests，but later cleared the virus from their systems and survived，is particularly satisfying to Dr.Feldmann and Tom Geisbert，Ph.D.，of Boston University.In addition,14 days after infection，all of the rhesus macaques that survived showed moderate to high levels of antibodies(抗体)against Marburg virus.The scientists view this as proof that the vaccine w