胎儿心脏超声检查入门.pdfVIP

A Primer for Fetal Cardiac Imaging A Stepwise Approach for 2-Dimensional Imaging (Ultrasound Quarterly 2008;24:195Y206) American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) and the Intern ational Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology outlined recent guidelines for sonographic evaluation of the fetal heart. The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology gui delines include the “basic”cardiac examination that relies on a 4-cha mber view.There are key features of this sonographic view that will be emphasized in this article. This society also included the “exten ded basic” examination that includes the right and left ventricular o ut-flow tracts (RVOTand LVOT, respectively). It is important to inclu de imaging that demonstrates the relationship of the LVOT and the RVOT to detect conotruncal abnormalities. 美国超声医学协会（AIUM ）和国际妇产科超声协会最近针对胎儿心脏超声 检查出台了一项指南。国际妇产科超声协会指南包括了基于四腔心切面的 最基本的心脏检查，其中重点强调了在此超声切面上的几个关键征象，同 时指南还包括了“进一步”的检查，包括对左右心室流出道（RVOT 和LVOT） 的检查，明确两者的关系对于发现圆锥动脉干畸形非常重要。 Depending on technical factors, such as maternal body habitus, feta l age, or fetal position, demonstrating the relationship of the RVOT and the LVOT may be problematic. Alternatives to routine 2-dimensi onal (2-D) imaging of out-flow tracts include the use of 3-D imagin g technologies including the use of dynamic multiplanar imaging. Ev en with advanced imaging and the ability to reconstruct images in different planes, the examiner must be familiar with routine cardiac views or failure of detection of CHD may still occur. Thus, understa nding basic cardiac views is necessary to detectin