小麦转基因方法及其评述.pdfVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2011 5 , 33(5): 422 ―430 ISSN 0253-9772 综 述 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2011.00422 小麦转基因方法及其评述 叶兴国, 陈明, 杜丽璞, 徐惠君 , 100081 小麦是遗传转化比较困难的作物之一。为了克服小麦基因工程育种和功能基因组学研究的障碍, 人们分 别尝试利用基因枪、花粉管通道、超声波、离子束注入、激光微束穿刺、PEG(Polyethylene glycol) 、电击和农 杆菌等方法转化小麦, 涉及的受体材料包括幼胚、成熟胚、花药愈伤组织、幼穗、芽尖和花器官。文章对小麦 主要遗传转化方法及其应用进行了介绍、回顾和评述, 分析、比较了获得安全型转基因小麦的几种策略, 以期 增强读者对小麦转基因技术和进展的了解, 促进小麦转化技术的持续改进和提高。 小麦; 遗传转化 Description and evaluation of transformation approaches used in wheat YE Xing-Guo, CHEN Ming, DU Li-Pu, XU Hui-Jun Institute of Crop Sciences , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China Abstract: Genetic transformation is a valuable tool for direct crop improvement and functional genomics study. Unfortu- nately, wheat is considered as a recalcitrant plant to genetic transformation due to its low efficiency and genotype depend- ency. To overcome these problems, various transformation methods such as biolistic bombardment, Agrobacterium tumefa- ciens, pollen-tube pathway, ion implantation, laser microbeams puncture, treatment with polyethylene glycol and ultrasonic wave, and electroporation have been reported in wheat using various types of explants including immature embryos, mature embryos, anthers derived calluses, inflorescences, apical meristems, and other floral organs. In this review, several major transformation approaches and their applications in wheat are reviewed, and potential strategies for the development of safe transgenic wheat plants are discussed. The objective of this review is to provide an update on current status of wheat trans- formation, and to stimulate further research for improving transformation efficiency in wheat. Keywords: wheat; genetic transformation ,