09约束.pptVIP

Including Constraints(约束) Objectives(学习目标) After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Describe constraints(描述约束) Create and maintain constraints(创建和维护约束) What are Constraints?(约束用处) Constraints enforce rules at the table level.(约束是数据的限制规则) Constraints prevent the deletion of a table if there are dependencies.(防止误删除表) The following constraint types are valid:(有效的约束类型) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY FOREIGN KEY CHECK Constraint Guidelines(约束指导) Name a constraint or the Oracle server generates a name by using the SYS_Cn format.(自己命名或者由oracle服务器自己产生约束名) Create a constraint either:(创建时机) At the same time as the table is created, or(表创建时) After the table has been created(修改) Define a constraint at the column or table level.(可在列级或者表级创建约束) View a constraint in the data dictionary.(在数据字典中查询约束) Defining Constraints(定义约束) Defining Constraints(定义约束) Column constraint level(列约束) Table constraint level(表约束) The NOT NULL Constraint(Not Null约束) Ensures that null values are not permitted for the column: The NOT NULL Constraint(Not null:列级定义) Is defined at the column level: The UNIQUE Constraint(Unique约束) The UNIQUE Constraint(Unique约束) Defined at either the table level or the column level: (表或列级定义) The PRIMARY KEY Constraint(PK主键约束) The PRIMARY KEY Constraint(PK约束) Defined at either the table level or the column level: The FOREIGN KEY Constraint(FK外键约束) The FOREIGN KEY Constraint(FK约束) Defined at either the table level or the column level: FOREIGN KEY Constraint Keywords(外键相关说明) FOREIGN KEY: Defines the column in the child table at the table constraint level(子表的表级约束) REFERENCES: Identifies the table and column in the parent table(引用) ON DELETE CASCADE: Deletes the dependent rows in the child table when a row in the parent table is deleted.(删除时级联删除) ON DELETE SET NULL: Converts dependent foreign key values to null(删除时级联设空) The CHECK Constraint(Check约束) Defines a condition that each row must satisfy The following expressions are not allowed: