自考英语语法名词解释.docVIP

Acronyms Acronyms is a word coined by putting together the initial letters of a group of words. Affixation A word formation approach that attaches morpheme – an affix to a base， which is a word with 1 or more affixes in it. Anaphoric reference 前照应A demonstrative determiner with anaphoric reference is more likely to go with a non-restrictive relative clause Cataphoric reference 后照应A demonstrative determiner with cataphoric reference， which goes with a restrictive relative clause Collective nouns These are generally countable nouns， but even in the singular they refer to groups of people， animals or things. Compound A compound， the product of composition， and it is a lexical unit consisting of more than one base and functioning both grammatically and semantically as a single word. Conversion The derivational process whereby an item is adapted or converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. Coordination 并列词Realized by coordinators （also termed coordinating conjunctions） which join units at the same level. Countable nouns Nouns that can take plural. Dangling participle:{2{Z0NAWhen the subject of participle is not expressed, it is normally to be the subject of the clause. It is usually poor grammar, and sometimes absurd, if this rule is broken: Trying to be quiet, the floor board creaked. But the rule is often broken when the subject is vaguely understood to be “one”, “we”, “you”, people in general. Determiner Words used in the premodification of noun phrase and put before any adjectives that premodify the head word of noun. Dynamic adjectives Many adjectives can also be used in the dynamic sense （be being a.） in predicative position to show subjective measurement or suggest a temporary state， implying the qualities can be controlled or restricted. （e.g. he is being rude） end-focus 尾部焦点under neutral conditions， the nucleus falls on the last element of the sequence as it is common that we process the information in a message to achieve a line