英语语法——名词性从句.docVIP

名词性从句 名词性从句：主语从句；表语从句；同位语从句；宾语从句。 关联词：连接词：that whether if 连接代词：who whom whose what which whoever whatever whomever 连接副词：when where how why 1.主 语 从 句 例：What they said upset the old man. Who left the money puzzled the student. That the government will try their best to improve our life is ture. 主语从句的注意事项: that 与 what 的区别 that作引导词时只起连接作用, 本身无意义, 也不充当句子成分, 但是不能 省略。 That he is still alive is unbelievable. That we shall be late is certain. what 既起连接作用，又充当从句中的句子成分，相当于n. What he said is true. What is needed is money. 2) 用it 作形式主语时, 主语从句作真实的主语。 --- It is known that the compass was invented by the Chinese. --- It is said that he has got married. 3) 主语从句不使用 if 来引导 whether it is true remains a question 2.宾语从句 例：I doubt whether he will succeed. You may take what you want. He told us that he was ill.? 宾语从句的注意事项: 1) 关于that的省略: that 作引导词时只起连接作用, 本身无意义, 也不充当句子成分, 在口语或非正式文件中可以省略。 当谓语动词后出现多个并列的宾语从句并列时, 往往只有第一个that可以省略。 --- I forgot (that) my research paper was due on Tuesday and that my teacher had said that he would not accept late papers. --- Xie Lei told me (that) she feels much more at home now and that things that had seemed very strange at the beginning now appear quite normal. 介词后, that 不能省略 it作形式宾语的宾语从句 I think it necessary that you should read aloud. 2) 只用whether 而不用if 的情况。 当宾语是不定式时: I don’t know whether to go or to stay. 当跟有or not 时 当宾语是介词引导的从句时: It all depends on whether you have enough time. 为了强调,将宾语从句放在句首时:Whether you are right or not, I don’t know yet. 3.表语从句 例：The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我已经丢了他的地址了。 All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it happened only yesterda这一切在20年前就结束了，但是感觉它昨天才发生一样。 The question is how he solved it.?问题是他如何解决它的。 表语从句的注意事项: if 一般不用于引导表语从句, 但是as if 可以 It looked as if it was going to rain. 2) 如主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, proposal 等词时, 表语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。 ---My idea is that