计算机英语 教学课件 作者 杨芸 主编 杨 蕾 李连弟 副主编 unit10.pptVIP

Unit Ten Computer Network Computer Network 1 Basic Components of Networks Computer networks link computers by communication lines and software protocols，allowing data to be exchanged rapidly and reliably. Traditionally，networks have been split between wide area networks （WANs） and local area networks （LANs）. A WAN is a network connected over long-distance telephone lines，and a LAN is a localized network usually in one building or a group of buildings close together. The distinction，however，is becoming blurred. It is now possible to connect up LANs remotely over telephone links so that they look as a single LAN. Originally，networks were used to provide terminal access to another computer and to transfer files between computers. Today，networks carry e-mail，provide access to public databases and bulletin boards，and are beginning to be used for distributed systems. Networks also allow users in one locality to share expensive resources，such as printers and disk-systems. In general, a network technology is classified into one of three broad categories, depending on the size of networks that can be created: ? A Local Area Network (LAN) can span a single building or campus. ? A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) can span a single city. ? A Wide Area Network (WAN) can span sites in multiple cities, countries, or continents. ? Network operating system software, such as Microsoft Windows 2000 or Windows NT, Novell NetWare. Networks even those with just two computers－also contain a hub or switch to act as a connection point between the computers. The network that was initially constructed as a result of this research, then called ARPANET, gradually became known as the Internet. The TCP/IP protocols played an important role in the development of the Internet. In this section, we describe some of the protocols that compose TCP/IP using the Internet reference model. We also define the function of each protocol. 1. Network