court2 美国 英国 法学.pptVIP

The Administration of Justice For people who cannot afford to post bail, professional bonds people are available to post it for them for a nonrefundable fee, typically 10% of the required amount. Suspects who post their own bail get it all back after they appear. Bail and Other Methods of Pretrial Release Bail and Other Methods of Pretrial Release When the crime is minor and suspects or defendants have ties to the community, they are generally released on their own recognizance. Bail and Other Methods of Pretrial Release Other nonfinancial releases are: Conditional release Unsecured bond conditional release A form of release that requires that a suspect/defendant maintain contact with a pretrial release program or undergo regular drug monitoring or treatment. unsecured bond An arrangement in which bail is set but no money is paid to the court. Information If the decision is made to prosecute a defendant, in states that do not use grand juries, the prosecutor drafts a document called an information. The information outlines: The charge or charges The law or laws violated The evidence to support the charge or charges Grand Jury The alternative to filing an information is a grand jury. grand jury Generally a group of 12 to 23 citizens who meet in closed sessions to investigate charges coming from preliminary hearings or to engage in other responsibilities. A primary purpose of the grand jury is to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that the accused committed the crime or crimes. Grand Jury Before appearing before a grand jury, the prosecutor drafts an indictment. indictment A document that outlines the charge or charges against a defendant. Review... The U.S. has a dual court system. dual court - One system of state and local courts - Another system of federal courts. The American Court Structure The court’s jurisdiction is set by law and limited by territory and type of case. jurisdiction The authority of a court to hear and decide cases. The Federa