英语教材 应用文体学-Chapter VI 文体学.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Stylistic Features of Different Kinds of English Expressions I. Humor and Irony A.? 幽默是一种常见的语言表现风格。它使语言诙谐, 耐人寻味, 能产生一种出乎意料的喜剧效果。 Homonyms/homophones We have courses to make grown men young and young men groan. On Sunday they pray for you and on Monday they prey on you. Call me a doctor if you like. Call me what you will. But don’t call me at half past three on a December morning for an ear-ache that you have had for two weeks. People who do things that count never stop to count them Let us imagine that a woman goes to the chemist’s for a developed film. She says smugly(沾沾自喜地) to the chemist: “I do look nice in the picture, don’t I?” Handling her the film the chemist replies: “Well, madam, the answer lies in the negative.” 语言的幽默也可以通过文体风格予以实现。我们知道法官在法庭上常用的一句话: Do you swear that you will tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth? 如果一个人在牙科医生面前套用这句具有法律语言风格的句子而说道: Do you swear that you will pull the tooth, the whole tooth, and nothing but the tooth? 那必然会产生强烈的幽默感。 I can resist everything except temptation. (Oscar Wilde) It was wonderful to discover America, but it would have been more wonderful to miss it. (Mark Twain) He who can, does. He who cannot, teaches. (George Bernard Shaw) Experience is the name everyone gives to their mistakes. (Oscar Wilde) I have nothing to declare except my genius. (Oscar Wilde) B. 反语就是说反话, 或正话反说, 或反话正说。反语真正的意思不是来自于字面, 而是由特定的上下文所赋予的。 It is a very justifiable cause of war to invade a country after the people have been wasted(消瘦) by famine(饥荒), destroyed by pestilence(瘟疫), or embroiled(纠缠/混乱) by factions(派别) among themselves. It is justifiable to enter into war against our nearest ally(同盟国), when one of his towns lies convenient for us, or a territory of land, that would render our dominions(疆土/领土) round and complete. If a prince sends