文献阅读及其综述写作.pptVIP

文献阅读及综述写作 侯桂华 山东大学医学院实验核医学研究所 ghhou@一、为什么要阅读科技文献 1、学习 2、科学研究 3、从事基础和临床医学工作 学习专业知识，了解专业学术动态，为科研项目的选题，研究方法的选择，乃至于论文的书写方法寻找依据。 二、什么是科技文献 医学科技文献是医学研究、医疗实践或经验的书面材料。 科技文献可以是正式刊物上发表的，也可以是非正式刊物上发表的材料。 第四个层次的阅读-书写论文 一旦实验完成，需要总结分析书写论文时，需要更深层次的文献阅读，特别是与你研究论文密切相关的论文，在阅读过程中了解那些文献支持你的结论，哪些与你的结论有矛盾，这些矛盾之处是否符合逻辑。 二、意义和目的 ： 总结和综合该方向前人已经做了的工作，了解当前研究水平，分析存在问题，指出可能的研究问题和发展方向等，并且列出了该方向众多的参考文献，帮助研究者熟悉和了解本领域中已有的研究成果，有助于选择和确定自己的研究问题，提供可参考的研究思路和研究方法，为解释研究结果提供背景资料 What should I do before writing the literature review? 1. Clarify If your assignment is not very specific, seek clarification from your instructor: Roughly how many sources should you include? What types of sources (books, journal articles, websites)? Should you evaluate your sources? Should you provide subheadings and other background information, such as definitions and/or a history? 2. Find models Look for other literature reviews in your area of interest or in the discipline and read them to get a sense of the types of themes you might want to look for in your own research or ways to organize your final review. You can simply put the word “review” in your search engine along with your other topic terms to find articles of this type on the Internet or in an electronic database. The bibliography or reference section of sources you’ve already read are also excellent entry points into your own research. 3. Narrow your topic There are hundreds or even thousands of articles and books on most areas of study. The narrower your topic, the easier it will be to limit the number of sources you need to read in order to get a good survey of the material. Your instructor will probably not expect you to read everything that’s out there on the topic, but you’ll make your job easier if you first limit your scope. And don’t forget to tap into your professor’s (or other professors’) knowledge in the field. Ask your professor questions such as: “If you had to read only one book from the 7