论《红字》的清教观.docVIP

古代文学论文-论《红字》的清教观 Abstract The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s representative work, is a classical novel in American literature in the 19th century. The novel displays Puritanism’s great impact on peoples life and thought. This thesis will give a picture of puritans? life and ideology through the analysis of the Puritan town Boston and some related characters, and introduce how the communities in the town are deeply influenced by Puritanism. Meanwhile, by analyzing the main character Hester, the thesis will present the harshness and the strict punishment in Puritan society. In Puritan communities, whoever commits a sin will be punished. The thesis also presents Hawthorne?s attitude towards Puritanism. On one hand, he appreciates the Puritan thought and value; on the other hand, he condemns the negative impact of Puritan society on people’s spirit.?Key Words:? Puritanism, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, Boston，Hester ?内容提要 霍桑的代表作〈〈红字〉〉是19世纪美国文学史上的一本古典小说。〈〈红字〉〉表现了清教主义传统在人们思想上和生活上的烙印，使人们对18世纪的美国社会有了一定的了解。在当时，一切都受到宗教的束缚，宗教有着神圣不可侵犯的权威。本论文通过对一些主要人物和波士顿小镇的分析向人们展示了清教徒的思想和他们的生活方式。交代了小镇上人们深受清教主义的影响。通过对主人公海丝特等人的分析揭示了清教社会的严酷以及严厉的刑罚制度。任何人无论谁犯了错都要受到惩罚。霍桑在一定程度上也受到清教主义的影响。一方面他肯定了宗教思想与价值，另一方面批判了清教社会对人的精神的负面影响。 关键词：清教主义；纳撒尼尔·霍桑；〈〈红字〉〉；波士顿；海斯特 Chapter1 Ⅰ.Introduction ?nA.??? Puritans ??Nathaniel Hawthorne?s The Scarlet Letter was written in 18th century. The setting of The Scarlet Letter is in the 17th century in Boston, America. Before proceeding to the analysis of the Puritanism in the novel, some fundamental definitions need to be established. Who were the Puritans? When did they arrive in the New World?America? How about their ideology and lifestyle? How about the author? ?ePuritan is the name given in the 16th century to the more extreme Protestants within the Church of England. These Protestants thought the English Reformation had not gone far enough in reforming the doctrines and structure of the church. They wanted to purify their church. In the 17th century