8. IO Buses and Interfaces.ppt

8. I/O Buses and Interfaces Some Review Remember CPU-memory-I/O architecture… CPU-Memory-I/O Architecture I/O Buses and Interfaces There are many “standards” for I/O buses and interfaces Standards allow “open architectures” Many vendors can provide peripheral (I/O) devices for many different systems Most systems support several I/O buses and I/O interfaces Examples Expansion buses or “slots” Disk interfaces External buses Communications interfaces Expansion Buses These are “slots” on the motherboard Examples ISA – Industry Standard Architecture PCI – Personal Component Interconnect EISA – Extended ISA SIMM – Single Inline Memory Module DIMM – Dual Inline Memory Module MCA – Micro-Channel Architecture AGP – Accelerated Graphics Port VESA – Video Electronics Standards Association PCMCIA – Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (not just memory!) Examples Expansion buses or “slots” Disk interfaces External buses Communications buses Disk Interfaces Examples ATA – AT Attachment (named after IBM PC-AT) IDE – Integrated Drive Electronics (same as ATA) Enhanced IDE Encompasses several older standards (ST-506/ST-412, IDE, ESDI, ATA-2, ATA-3, ATA-4) Floppy disk SCSI – Small Computer Systems Interface ESDI – Enhanced Small Device Interface (mid-80s, obsolete) PCMCIA Examples Expansion buses or “slots” Disk interfaces External buses Communications buses External Buses Examples Parallel – sometimes called LPT (“line printer”) Serial – typically RS232C (sometimes RS422) PS/2 – for keyboards and mice USB – Universal Serial Bus IrDA – Infrared Device Attachment FireWire – new, very high speed, developed by IEEE Examples Expansion buses or “slots” Disk interfaces External buses Communications buses Communications Buses For connecting systems to systems Parallel/LPT special purpose, e.g., using special software (Laplink) to transfer data between systems Serial/RS232C To connect a system to a voice-grade modem Ethernet To connect a system to a high-speed network B