Anat 1Chapter 8 Articulations.ppt

Anat 1Chapter 8 : Articulations Functional / Structural Classification of Joints Synarthrosis no movement Bony Fusion Synostosis Fibrous Suture and Gomphosis Cartilaginous Synchondrosis Amphiarthrosis little movement Fibrous Syndesmosis Cartilaginous Symphysis 3 Diarthrosis free movement  Always synovial joints mono, di-, and triaxial Strength vs. motility The greater the range of motion, the weaker the joint. Dislocation luxation Partial dislocation “Double jointed” Diarthroses Synovial Joints Have synovial cavity space between two bones Components that are always present fig 8-1 Components that are sometimes present 3 Types of Motion at Synovial Joints Linear motion gliding Angular motion : flexion, extension, hyperextension ab-, adduction circumduction Rotation left - right, internal or medial, external or lateral supination, pronation Special Movements Dorsiflexion, plantar flexion Protraction, retraction Elevation, depression 6 types of Diarthroses Gliding Joint Hinge Joint Pivot Joint Ellipsoidal joint Saddle joint Ball Socket joint Gliding Joint articulating surfaces flat. ??also found between carpals and tarsals ??only slight movement - rotation prevented by ? Hinge Joint Convex surface of bone 1 fits into concave surface of bone 2 found in ? monoaxial Pivot Joint Projection of bone 1 articulates within ring of bone 2 Also found in proximal ends of ulna and radius ? pronation and supination Ellipsoidal Condyloid Joint Oval shaped condyle of bone 1 fits into elliptical cavity of bone 2 Also found between phalanges metacarpals/-tarsals Angular motion in two planes Saddle Joint Articular surfaces shaped like saddle and rider Modified condyloid joint Extensive angular motion without rotation Also between malleus and incus Ball and Socket Joint Ball like surface of bone 1 fits into cuplike depression of bone 2 Found in ___________ Allows for flexion, ab- or adduction and rotation ?_____axial Representativ