单词辨析考研英语.docVIP

aware, conscious aware a.知道的，意识到的，强调感官对外界事物的意识。He was aware of his mistake.他意识到自己的错误。 conscious a.有意识的，意识到的，一般指内心所意识到的。The salesman is conscious of the fact that he must increase sales.销售员意识到他必须增加销售量。base, foundation, ground这一组名词都有基础的意思。base n.指具体的有形的基础，也可指物体的底部、基部；基地，总部。They use their apartment in New York as a home base from which they travel frequently.他们把纽约的公寓作为他们频繁出行的大本营。foundation n.本义指建筑物的地基，含有坚实的基础的意思；基金会。The foundation for our house is made of cement.我们房子的地基是水泥打下的。ground n.地面，土地，也指地域，水底，海底。basic, elementary, fundamentalbasic a.基本的，基础的，既可用于具体事物，也可用于抽象事物。He has a basic understanding of the problem.他对问题有基本的了解。elementary a.初步的，初级的。elementary school小学fundamental a.根本性的，一般只用于抽象的事物；必要的，必须的。Honesty is a fundamental principle in dealing with others.诚实是与别人相处的基本原则。beam, chuckle, giggle, grin, jeer, laugh, roar, sneer这一组都有笑的意思，而它们之间的差别也是明显的。beam v.本义指照耀，放光，引申为微笑，是正式用语，指面带喜悦或笑容，暗示对他人的友好或内心的满足。She beamed with happiness.她高兴得眉开眼笑。chuckle v. (书面语)吃吃的笑，抿嘴笑，轻声笑，多指因得意或领会到某事中的趣味而暗自发笑。She does not laugh out loud; she only chuckles.她没有笑出声来，只是抿嘴而笑。giggle v.咯咯地笑，痴笑，傻笑，多指女人和孩子由于紧张、被逗乐、尴尬时所发出的笑声。The schoolgirls giggled when the famous football player walkedsintostheir classroom.当这个著名的足球运动员走进教室时，女生们都咯咯地笑起来。grin v.露齿而笑，指人因高兴、满足、轻蔑等咧开嘴露齿地笑。He grinned at his mother.他冲他的妈妈咧嘴一笑。jeer v.讥笑，嘲笑，其同义词是mock。The crowd jeered when the boxer was knocked down.当那个拳手被人打倒时，人群开始嘲笑他。laugh v.笑，大笑，用于一般的笑或出声的大笑。roar v.怒吼，咆哮，引申为放声大笑，哄堂大笑。He roared when he heard the joke.听完这个笑话，他哈哈大笑。sneer v.冷笑，嘲笑，指以语言、表情、和声调表示轻蔑或嘲弄。He sneered at the offer and said it was two low.他对报价嗤之以鼻，说它太低了。bewilder, puzzle, confuse, embarrass, perplex这一组词都有迷惑的意思。bewilder v.使困惑，使茫然，强调非常困惑，通常表现为心理和智力的紊乱，语气最重。He was fired without warning and is completely bewildered about the reason.他没有得到事先警告就被开除了，完全不明白是什么原因。When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were bewildered by its complicated traffic system.当这些农夫们第一次到城里的时候，他们对城市复杂的交通系统感到迷惑不解。puzzle v.使迷惑，