2014届高考英语一轮复习考点解读：语法篇特殊句式2.pptVIP

(4)在某些形容词glad，happy，pleased，delighted等后面，省略动词而保留to。 —Will you join in the game? —Id be glad to. ——你想参加比赛吗？ ——我很乐意。 (5)否定形式的省略用not to。如： —Shall I go instead of him? —I prefer not to. ——我代替他去吗？ ——我认为不要。 (6)如果不定式中含有助动词be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。如： —Are you a sailor? —No, but I used to be. ——你是水手吗？ ——不是的，但我曾经是。 —He hasnt finished yet. —Well, he ought to have. ——他还没完成。 ——噢，他应该完成了。 考点四：独立主格结构 1．常见的构成形式有： (1)名词或代词＋现在分词。如： Time/Weather permitting＝If time/weather permits, we shall have a picnic this weekend. 如果时间/天气允许的话，我们周末去野餐。 (2)名词或代词＋过去分词。如： The job finished, we went home straight away. 工作结束后，我们便立即回了家。 注意：用现在分词还是过去分词，要看前面的名词或代词与后面动词的关系：是主谓关系，即名词或代词作了动词的逻辑主语，就用v.-ing形式；若是动宾关系，即名词或代词是动词的逻辑宾语，用v.-ed形式。 (3)名词或代词＋形容词。如： He entered the room, his nose red with cold. 他进到房间里，鼻子冻得红红的。 (4)名词或代词＋副词。如： Dinner over, we decide to play bridge. 吃过晚饭，我们决定打桥牌。 (5)名词或代词＋介词短语。如： The teacher came into the classroom, book in hand. 老师进了教室，手里拿着书。 (6)名词或代词＋不定式。如： I send you today three fourths of the sum agreed upon between us, the rest to follow within a month. 我今天把我们之间已商定的总数的3/4寄给你，余下的部分将在一个月内寄去。 2．with＋复合宾语结构 with的复合结构在句中作状语或定语等，构成形式只是在独立主格结构前＋with，语法功能与独立主格结构相同，但独立主格结构中的作逻辑主语的代词用主格，而with复合结构中的逻辑主语用名词或宾语代词。如： (1)with＋名词/代词＋分词。如： With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。 比较：As time goes on, our life is becoming more beautiful. With time going on, our life is becoming more beautiful. (2) with＋名词/代词＋形容词。如： He stared at me with his mouth open. 他张着嘴，凝视着我。 (3) with＋名词/代词＋介词短语。如： He stood with his hand in his pocket. 他站着，一只手插在口袋里。 注意：与独立主格结构的区别。如： He ran into the house, sword in hand. (名词sword前没有冠词) He ran into the house, with a sword in his right hand. (名词sword前有冠词) (4)with＋名词/代词＋副词。如： The boy stood there, with his head down. 这个男孩站在那儿，低着头。 (5)with＋名词/代词＋不定式。如： With no one to talk to, John felt sad. 由于没有人说话，约翰感到很伤感。 (6) with＋名词/代词＋名词。如： She died with her son(being) yet a school boy. 她去世时儿子还在上学读书。 (7)with的复合结构还有可能作定语。如： Troy was a strong city with a great and