新仿生技术让空气取水效率提高五倍.pdfVIP

Article /Langmuir Optimal Design of Permeable Fiber Network Structures for Fog Harvesting Kyoo-Chul Park,†,§ Shreerang S. Chhatre,‡, ∥,§ Siddarth Srinivasan,‡ Robert E. Cohen,*,‡ and Gareth H. McKinley*,† †Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States S *Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Fog represents a large untapped source of potable water, especially in arid climates. Numerous plants and animals use textural and chemical features on their surfaces to harvest this precious resource. In this work, we investigate the influence of the surface wettability characteristics, length scale, and weave density on the fog-harvesting capability of woven meshes. We develop a combined hydrodynamic and surface wettability model to predict the overall fog-collection efficiency of the meshes and cast the findings in the form of a design chart. Two limiting surface wettability constraints govern the re-entrainment of collected droplets and clogging of mesh openings. Appropriate tuning of the wetting characteristics of the surfaces, reducing the wire radii, and optimizing the wire spacing all lead to more efficient fog collection. We use a family of coated meshes with a directed stream of fog droplets to simulate a natural foggy environment and demonstrate a five-fold enhancement in the fog-collecting efficiency of a conventional polyolefin mesh. The design rules developed in this work can be applied to selec