河流污染生态治理研究.docVIP

河流污染生态治理研究 ——以甘肃藉河为例 Tackling River Pollution Ecologically——A Case Study on the Ji River of Gansu Province 摘要 河流污染是我国水资源的突出问题之一。本文以甘肃藉河为例，应用植物群落自然净化水质的原理，采取功能分区的方法，对西北地区城市河流的污染提出了具体的治理方案。将藉河城区段主要分为三个部分：（1）上游生态过滤区；（2）中游生态景观区；（3）下游生态净水区。然后，分区进行具体设计。此研究方案是藉河一期改造工程的一部分。目前，一期工程已经完工，取得了较好的生态效益和经济效益。 Abstract Against the background of conspicuous problem of river pollution in China’s water resources affairs, we made a case study on the Ji River of Gansu Province to apply the principle that water can be naturally purified by plant communities to the functional division and tackling plan of the urban rivers in northwest China. The urban leg of the Ji River is divided into three parts. They are the ecological filtration area at upper reaches, the ecological landscape area at middle reaches and the ecological purifying area of lower reaches. Each part has been designed to form the study as a component of the first stage of Ji River’s reconstruction which has been completed and has got satisfactory ecological effect economic benefit. 众所周知，河流污染是我国水资源的突出问题之一，已经严重影响人民的生产和生活，阻碍经济建设的发展，对人类生存和生态环境造成巨大威胁。据统计，2002年全国工业和城镇生活废水排放总量为439.5亿吨，比上年增加1.5%。其中工业废水排放量207.2亿吨，比上年增加2.3%；城镇生活污水排放量232.3亿吨，比上年增加0.9%。 As is known to all, river pollution as the conspicuous problem of water resources affairs influences on production and people’s livelihood, being a hurdle in economic development and a threat to man’s living environment. Statistics says that the sewage of industry and urban livelihood over the country in 2002 is totally 43.95 billion t, increasing by 1.5% than last year, in which the industrial sewage accounts for 20.72, increasing by 2.3%, while the urban livelihood sewage accounts for 23.23, increasing by 0.9%. 河流污染的生态治理主要是利用植物、细菌、真菌和其它微生物及一些动物构成稳定的生态系统，通过这些生物的生理生化作用和生物、生态学特性来改善河流环境，从而使河流水质得到改善，河流生态得到恢复或修复，实现河流的自然净化。 The aim of ecological tackling is to apply plants, bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms as well as some animals to form a stable ecosystem, to improve river environme