IP计算.pptVIP

1 计算可用的主机地址 无子网时的地址分配 Network 172.16.0.0 有子网时的地址分配 Network 172.16.0.0 子网地址 子网编码地址结构 子网掩码 子网掩码 A、B、C类地址的默认掩码 掩码的对应于IP地址的网络ID的所有位都设为“1” 掩码的对应于主机ID的所有位都设为“0” 子网掩码的借位 子网掩码的表示方法 IP地址的二进制和十进制表示法的对应关系 练习:子网掩码 练习(答案):子网掩码 广播地址 C类子网规划举例 Subnet Address = 201.222.5.120 Host Addresses = 201.222.5.121-01.222.5.126 Broadcast Address = 201.222.5.127 Five Bits of Subnetting B 类子网规划举例 Subnet Address = 172.16.2.0 Host Addresses = 172.16.2.1-172.16.2.254 Broadcast Address = 172.16.2.255 Eight bits of subnetting 练习:广播地址 练习(答案):广播地址 规划IP子网 十六进制转二进制 172 16 0 0 16151413121110 9 87654321 网络 主机 ... ... 1 2 3 65534 65535 65536 - ... 2 65534 N 2N-2 = 216-2 = 65534 172.16.0.0 172.16.1.0 172.16.2.0 172.16.3.0 172.16.4.0 172.16.2.200 172.16.2.2 172.16.2.160 IP: 172.16.2.1 172.16.3.5 172.16.3.100 172.16.3.150 IP: 172.16.3.1 E0 E1 172.16 2 160 Network Host . . Network Interface 172.16.2.0 172.16.3.0 E0 E1 New Routing Table Subnet 将主机ID进一步划分为子网ID和主机ID 通过子网掩码来区分地址的网络部分和主机部分 172 16 0 0 255 255 0 0 255 255 255 0 IPAddress DefaultSubnetMask 8-bitSubnetMask Network Host Use host bits, starting at the high order bit position Network Host Network Subnet Host 从主机的高位开始 “/24” 表示子网掩码有24位,也就是255.255.255.0 “/16” 表示子网掩码有16位，也就是255.255.0.0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 128 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 192 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 = 224 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 = 240 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 = 248 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 = 252 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 = 254 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 255 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet 172.16.2.10 10.6.24.20 10.30.36.12 255.255.255.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet 172.16.2.10 10.6.24.20 10.30.36.12 255.255.255.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0 B A A 172.16.2.0 10.6.0.0 10.30.36.0 172.16.1.0 172.16.2.0 172.16.3.0 172.16.4.0 172.16.3.255 (Directed broadcast) 255.255.255.255 (Local network broadcast) X IP Host Address